WebCPC CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

B22D　CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (shaping of plastics or substances in a plastic state B29C; metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal C21, C22).

B22D 1/00 Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting {(for continuous casting B22D 11/10; metallurgical processing, e.g. refining of iron or other metal C21, C22, C25C)}

B22D 1/002 ・{Treatment with gases (C21C 7/072, C22B 9/05 take precedence)}

B22D 1/005 ・・{Injection assemblies therefor (features relating to gas injection, provided on closures of the sliding gate type B22D 41/42; provided on pouring nozzles B22D 41/58; provided on closures of the stopper-rod type B22D 41/186)}

B22D 1/007 ・{Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners (B22D 1/002, B22D 1/005 take precedence)}

B22D 2/00 Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass.

B22D 2/001 ・{for the slag appearance in a molten metal stream}

B22D 2/003 ・{for the level of the molten metal (B22D 11/181 and B22D 11/201 take precedence; level indicators in general G01F23)}

B22D 2/005 ・{for the thickness of a frozen shell (B22D 11/188 and B22D 11/207 take precedence)}

B22D 2/006 ・{for the temperature of the molten metal (measuring temperature in general G01K)}

B22D 2/008 ・{for the viscosity of the molten metal (measuring viscosity in general G01N11)}

B22D 3/00 Pig or like casting (equipment for conveying molten metal B22D 35/00)

B22D 3/02 ・Moulding of beds

B22D 5/00 Machines or plants for pig or like casting

B22D 5/005 ・{Devices for stacking pigs; Pigforms to be stacked}

B22D 5/02 ・with rotary casting tables

B22D 5/04 ・with endless casting converyers

B22D 7/00 Casting ingots, {e.g. from ferrous metals}(equipment for conveying molten metal B22D 35/00).

B22D 7/005 ・{from non-ferrous metals}

B22D 7/02 ・Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast

B22D 7/04 ・Casting hollow ingots

B22D 7/06 ・Ingot moulds or their manufacture

B22D 7/062 ・・{Stools for ingot moulds}

B22D 7/064 ・・{Cooling the ingot moulds}

B22D 7/066 ・・{Manufacturing, repairing or reinforcing ingot moulds}

B22D 7/068 ・・・{characterised by the materials used therefor}

B22D 7/08 ・・Divided ingot moulds

B22D 7/10 ・・Hot tops therefor {heating the top discard of ingots B22D 27/06} 06]

B22D 7/102 ・・・{from refractorial material only}

B22D 7/104 ・・・{from exothermic material only}

B22D 7/106 ・・・{Configuration of hot tops}

B22D 7/108 ・・・{Devices for making or fixing hot tops}

B22D 7/12 ・Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing

B22D 9/00 Machines or plants for casting ingots

B22D 9/003 ・{for top casting}

B22D 9/006 ・{for bottom casting}

B22D 11/00 Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths (metal drawing, metal extruding B21C)

B22D 11/001 ・{of specific alloys}

B22D 11/002 ・・{Stainless steels}

B22D 11/003 ・・{Aluminium alloys}

B22D 11/004 ・・{Copper alloys}

B22D 11/005 ・{of wire (casting on wire B22D 19/14)}

B22D 11/006 ・{of tubes}

B22D 11/007 ・{of composite ingots, i.e. two or more molten metals of different compositions being used to integrally cast the ingots (casting of composite ingots in definite lengths B22D 7/02)}

B22D 11/008 ・{of clad ingots, i.e. the molten metal being cast against a continuous strip forming part of the cast product}

B22D 11/009 ・{of work of special cross-section, e.g. I-beams, U-profiles}

B22D 11/01 ・without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces

B22D 11/015 ・・{using magnetic field for conformation, i.e. the metal is not in contact with a mould}

B22D 11/04 ・into open-ended moulds (B22D 11/06, B22D 11/07 take precedence; plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand B22D 11/14)

B22D 11/0401 ・・{Moulds provided with a feed head}

B22D 11/0403 ・・{Multiple moulds}

B22D 11/0405 ・・{Rotating moulds}

B22D 11/0406 ・・{Moulds with special profile}

B22D 11/0408 ・・{Moulds for casting thin slabs}

B22D 11/041 ・・for vertical casting (B22D 11/043, B22D 11/049 to B22D 11/059 take precedence)

B22D 11/043 ・・Curved moulds (B22D 11/049 to B22D 11/059 take precedence)

B22D 11/045 ・・for horizontal casting (B22D 11/049 to B22D 11/059 take precedence)

B22D 11/0455 ・・・{Bidirectional horizontal casting}

B22D 11/047 ・・・Means for joining tundish to mould

B22D 11/0475 ・・・・{characterised by use of a break ring}

B22D 11/049 ・・for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting

B22D 11/05 ・・into moulds having adjustable walls

B22D 11/051 ・・into moulds having oscillating walls

B22D 11/053 ・・Means for oscillating the moulds

B22D 11/0535 ・・・{in a horizontal plane}

B22D 11/055 ・・Cooling the moulds ({B22D 11/04 takes precedence})

B22D 11/057 ・・Manufacturing or calibrating the moulds

B22D 11/059 ・・Mould materials or platings

B22D 11/06 ・into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars

B22D 11/0602 ・・{formed by a casting wheel and belt, e.g. Properzi-process}

B22D 11/0605 ・・{formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process}

B22D 11/0608 ・・{formed by caterpillars}

B22D 11/0611 ・・{formed by a single casting wheel, e.g. for casting amorphous metal strips or wires}

B22D 11/0614 ・・・{the casting wheel being immersed in a molten metal bath, and drawing out upwardly the casting strip}

B22D 11/0617 ・・・{the casting wheel having its axis vertical and a casting strip formed in a peripheral groove of the wheel}

B22D 11/062 ・・・{the metal being cast on the inside surface of the casting wheel}

B22D 11/0622 ・・{formed by two casting wheels}

B22D 11/0625 ・・・{the two casting wheels being immersed in a molten metal bath and drawing out upwardly the casting strip}

B22D 11/0628 ・・{formed by more than two casting wheels}

B22D 11/0631 ・・{formed by a travelling straight surface, e.g. through-like moulds, a belt}

B22D 11/0634 ・・{formed by a casting wheel and a co-operating shoe}

B22D 11/0637 ・・{Accessories therefor}

B22D 11/064 ・・・{for supplying molten metal (supplying molten metal to open-ended moulds B22D 11/10)}

B22D 11/0642 ・・・・{Nozzles (nozzles used in open-ended moulds B22D 41/50)}

B22D 11/0645 ・・・・{Sealing means for the nozzle between the travelling surfaces}

B22D 11/0648 ・・・{Casting surfaces}

B22D 11/0651 ・・・・{Casting wheels (B22D 11/0682 takes precedence)}

B22D 11/0654 ・・・・{Casting belts (B22D 11/0685 takes precedence)}

B22D 11/0657 ・・・・{Caterpillars (B22D 11/0688 takes precedence)}

B22D 11/066 ・・・・{Side dams (B22D 11/0691 takes precedence)}

B22D 11/0662 ・・・・・{having electromagnetic confining means}

B22D 11/0665 ・・・{for treating the casting surfaces, e.g. calibrating, cleaning, dressing, preheating}

B22D 11/0668 ・・・・{for dressing, coating or lubricating}

B22D 11/0671 ・・・・{for heating or drying}

B22D 11/0674 ・・・・{for machining}

B22D 11/0677 ・・・{for guiding, supporting or tensioning the casting belts}

B22D 11/068 ・・・{for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces (cooling open-ended moulds B22D 11/04; secondary cooling B22D 11/124)}

B22D 11/0682 ・・・・{by cooling the casting wheel}

B22D 11/0685 ・・・・{by cooling the casting belts (B22D 11/0677 takes precedence)}

B22D 11/0688 ・・・・{by cooling the caterpillars}

B22D 11/0691 ・・・・{by cooling the side dams}

B22D 11/0694 ・・・{for peeling-off or removing the cast product}

B22D 11/0697 ・・・{for casting in a protected atmosphere}

B22D 11/07 ・Lubricating the moulds

B22D 11/08 ・Accessories for starting the casting procedure

B22D 11/081 ・・{Starter bars}

B22D 11/083 ・・・{Starter bar head; Means for connecting or detaching starter bars and ingots}

B22D 11/085 ・・{Means for storing or introducing the starter bars in the moulds}

B22D 11/086 ・・{Means for connecting cast ingots of different sizes or compositions}

B22D 11/088 ・・{Means for sealing the starter bar head in the moulds}

B22D 11/10 ・Supplying or treating molten metal (B22D 41/00 takes precedence)

B22D 11/103 ・・Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors

B22D 11/106 ・・Shielding the molten jet ({B22D 41/50 takes precedence})

B22D 11/108 ・・Feeding additives, powders, or the like

B22D 11/11 ・・Treating the molten metal

B22D 11/111 ・・・by using protecting powders

B22D 11/112 ・・・by accelerated cooling

B22D 11/113 ・・・by vacuum treating

B22D 11/114 ・・・by using agitating or vibrating means (B22D 11/117 takes precedence)

B22D 11/115 ・・・・by using magnetic fields

B22D 11/116 ・・・Refining the metal

B22D 11/117 ・・・・by treating with gases (B22D 11/118, B22D 11/119 take precedence)

B22D 11/118 ・・・・by circulating the metal under, over or around weirs (B22D 11/119 takes precedence)

B22D 11/119 ・・・・by filtering

B22D 11/12 ・Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ(rolling immediately subsequent to continuous casting B21B 1/46, B22D 13/22)

B22D 11/1206 ・・{for plastic shaping of strands (rolling mills B21B 1/46)}

B22D 11/1213 ・・{for heating or insulating strands}

B22D 11/122 ・・{using magnetic fields}

B22D 11/1226 ・・{for straightening strands}

B22D 11/1233 ・・{for marking strands}

B22D 11/124 ・・for cooling

B22D 11/1241 ・・・{by transporting the cast stock through a liquid medium bath or a fluidized bed}

B22D 11/1243 ・・・{by using cooling grids or cooling plates}

B22D 11/1245 ・・・{using specific cooling agents}

B22D 11/1246 ・・・{Nozzles; Spray heads}

B22D 11/1248 ・・・{Means for removing cooling agent from the surface of the cast stock}

B22D 11/126 ・・for cutting

B22D 11/1265 ・・・{having auxiliary devices for deburring}

B22D 11/128 ・・for removing

B22D 11/1281 ・・・{Vertical removing}

B22D 11/1282 ・・・{Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal}

B22D 11/1284 ・・・{Horizontal removing}

B22D 11/1285 ・・・{Segment changing devices for supporting or guiding frames}

B22D 11/1287 ・・・{Rolls; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use}

B22D 11/1288 ・・・{Walking bar members}

B22D 11/14 ・Plants for continuous casting

B22D 11/141 ・・{for vertical casting}

B22D 11/142 ・・{for curved casting}

B22D 11/143 ・・{for horizontal casting}

B22D 11/144 ・・{with a rotating mould}

B22D 11/145 ・・{for upward casting}

B22D 11/146 ・・{for inclined casting}

B22D 11/147 ・・{Multi-strand plants}

B22D 11/148 ・・{Safety arrangements}

B22D 11/16 ・Controlling or regulating processes or operations

B22D 11/161 ・・{for automatic starting the casting process}

B22D 11/163 ・・{for cutting cast stock}

B22D 11/165 ・・{for the supply of casting powder}

B22D 11/166 ・・{for mould oscillation}

B22D 11/168 ・・{for adjusting the mould size or mould taper}

B22D 11/18 ・・for pouring (B22D 11/20 takes precedence)

B22D 11/181 ・・・{responsive to molten metal level or slag level}

B22D 11/182 ・・・・{by measuring temperature}

B22D 11/183 ・・・・{by measuring molten metal weight}

B22D 11/185 ・・・・{by using optical means}

B22D 11/186 ・・・・{by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means}

B22D 11/187 ・・・・{by using X-rays or nuclear radiation}

B22D 11/188 ・・・{responsive to thickness of solidified shell}

B22D 11/20 ・・for removing cast stock

B22D 11/201 ・・・{responsive to molten metal level or slag level}

B22D 11/202 ・・・・{by measuring temperature}

B22D 11/203 ・・・・{by measuring molten metal weight}

B22D 11/204 ・・・・{by using optical means}

B22D 11/205 ・・・・{by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means}

B22D 11/206 ・・・・{by using X-rays or nuclear radiation}

B22D 11/207 ・・・{responsive to thickness of solidified shell}

B22D 11/208 ・・・{for aligning the guide rolls}

B22D 11/22 ・・for cooling cast stock or mould

B22D 11/225 ・・・{for secondary cooling}

B22D 13/00 Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force

B22D 13/02 ・of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis

B22D 13/023 ・・{the longitudinal axis being horizontal}

B22D 13/026 ・・{the longitudinal axis being vertical}

B22D 13/04 ・of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry

B22D 13/06 ・of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside the mould

B22D 13/063 ・・{for dentistry or jewellery}

B22D 13/066 ・・{several moulds being disposed in a circle}

B22D 13/08 ・in which a stationary mould is fed from a rotating mass of liquid metal

B22D 13/10 ・Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings (making or lining moulds B22C)

B22D 13/101 ・・{Moulds}

B22D 13/102 ・・・{Linings for moulds (making or lining moulds B22C)}

B22D 13/104 ・・・{Cores}

B22D 13/105 ・・・{Cooling for moulds or cores}

B22D 13/107 ・・{Means for feeding molten metal}

B22D 13/108 ・・{Removing of casting}

B22D 13/12 ・Controlling, supervising, specially adapted to centrifugal casting, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general G05)

B22D 15/00 Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor

B22D 15/005 ・{of rolls, wheels or the like (B22D 19/16 takes precedence)}

B22D 15/02 ・of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects

B22D 15/04 ・Machines or apparatus for chill casting ({B22D 15/005}, B22D 15/02 take precedence)

B22D 17/00 Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure

B22D 17/002 ・{using movable moulds (for plastics B29C 45/04)}

B22D 17/005 ・{using two or more fixed moulds (for plastics B29C 45/12)}

B22D 17/007 ・{Semi-solid pressure die casting}

B22D 17/02 ・Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted

B22D 17/04 ・・Plunger machines

B22D 17/06 ・・air injection machines

B22D 17/08 ・Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled

B22D 17/10 ・・with horizontal press motion

B22D 17/12 ・・with vertical press motion

B22D 17/14 ・Machines with evacuated die cavity

B22D 17/145 ・・{Venting means therefor (for permanent moulds B22C 9/067)}

B22D 17/16 ・specially adapted for casting slide fasteners or elements therefor

B22D 17/18 ・Machines built up from units providing for different combinations

B22D 17/20 ・Accessories: Details

B22D 17/2007 ・・{Methods or apparatus for cleaning or lubricating moulds}

B22D 17/2015 ・・{Means for forcing the molten metal into the die (for plastics B29C 45/46)}

B22D 17/2023 ・・・{Nozzles or shot sleeves}

B22D 17/203 ・・・{Injection pistons (B22D 17/2053 takes precedence; for plastics B29C 45/53)}

B22D 17/2038 ・・・{Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit (for plastics B29C 45/74, B29C 45/83)}

B22D 17/2046 ・・・{with provisions for damping the pressure peak}

B22D 17/2053 ・・・{using two or more cooperating injection pistons}

B22D 17/2061 ・・・{using screws}

B22D 17/2069 ・・・{Exerting after-pressure on the moulding material}

B22D 17/2076 ・・{Cutting-off equipment for sprues or ingates (for plastics B29C 45/38)}

B22D 17/2084 ・・{Manipulating or transferring devices for evacuating cast pieces}

B22D 17/2092 ・・{Safety devices (for plastics B29C 45/84)}

B22D 17/22 ・・Dies (manufacture, see the appropriate class, e.g. B23P 15/24); Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies

B22D 17/2209 ・・・{Selection of die materials (for permanent moulds B22C 9/061)}

B22D 17/2218 ・・・{Cooling or heating equipment for dies (for permanent moulds B22C 9/065; for plastics B29C 45/73)}

B22D 17/2227 ・・・{Die seals (for plastics B29C 45/2608)}

B22D 17/2236 ・・・{Equipment for loosening or ejecting castings from dies (for plastics B29C 45/40)}

B22D 17/2245 ・・・{having walls provided with means for marking or patterning}

B22D 17/2254 ・・・{having screw-threaded die walls}

B22D 17/2263 ・・・{having tubular die cavities}

B22D 17/2272 ・・・{Sprue channels}

B22D 17/2281 ・・・・{closure devices therefor}

B22D 17/229 ・・・{with exchangeable die part (B22D 17/2245 takes precedence)}

B22D 17/24 ・・・Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts

B22D 17/26 ・・Mechanisms or devices for locking or opening dies

B22D 17/263 ・・・{mechanically}

B22D 17/266 ・・・{hydraulically}

B22D 17/28 ・・Melting pots

B22D 17/30 ・・Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations (supplying molten metal in ration in general B22D 39/00)

B22D 17/32 ・・Controlling equipment

B22D 18/00 Pressure casting; Vacuum casting (B22D 17/00 takes precedence; treating the metal in the mould by using pressure or vacuum B22D 27/00)

B22D 18/02 ・Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressure devices, e.g. cast-forging (B22D 18/04 takes precedence)

B22D 18/04 ・Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould

B22D 18/06 ・Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould

B22D 18/08 ・Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general G05)

B22D 19/00 Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product (B22D 23/04 takes precedence; alumino-thermic welding B23K 23/00; coating by casting molten material on the substrate C23C 6/00)

B22D 19/0009 ・{Cylinders, pistons}

B22D 19/0018 ・・{cylinders with fins}

B22D 19/0027 ・・{pistons}

B22D 19/0036 ・{gears}

B22D 19/0045 ・{household utensils}

B22D 19/0054 ・{rotors, stators for electrical motors}

B22D 19/0063 ・{finned exchangers (cylinders B22D 19/0018)}

B22D 19/0072 ・{for making objects with integrated channels}

B22D 19/0081 ・{pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal}

B22D 19/009 ・{for casting objects the members of which can be separated afterwards}

B22D 19/02 ・for making reinforced articles (B22D 19/14 takes precedence)

B22D 19/04 ・for joining parts

B22D 19/045 ・・{for joining tubes}

B22D 19/06 ・for manufacturing or repairing tools

B22D 19/08 ・for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal

B22D 19/085 ・・{of anti-frictional metal}

B22D 19/10 ・Repairing defective or damaged objects by metal casting procedures (by other procedures B23P 6/04; ingot mould B22D 7/06; B22D 19/06 takes precedence)

B22D 19/12 ・for making objects, e.g. hinges, with parts which are movable relatively to one another

B22D 19/14 ・the objects being filamentary or particulate in form (making alloys containing fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal C22C 47/08)

B22D 19/16 ・for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills (casting compound ingots B22D 7/02)

B22D 21/00 Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; selection of compositions therefor {(non-ferrous ingots B22D 7/005)}

B22D 21/002 ・{Castings of light metals}

B22D 21/005 ・・{with high melting point, e.g. Be 1280 degrees C, Ti 1725 degrees C}

B22D 21/007 ・・{with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C}

B22D 21/02 ・Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere (use of inert atmosphere in casting metals in general B22D 23/00; apparatus for vacuum casting B22D 27/16)

B22D 21/022 ・・{Casting heavy metals, with exceedingly high melting points, i.e. more than 1600 degrees C, e.g. W 3380 degrees C, Ta 3000 degrees C, Mo 2620 degrees C, Zr

B22D 21/025 ・・{Casting heavy metals with high melting point, i.e. 1000 - 1600 degrees C, e.g. Co

B22D 21/027 ・・{Casting heavy metals with low melting point, i.e. less than 1000 degrees C, e.g. Zn 419 degrees C, Pb 327 degrees C, Sn 232 degrees C}

B22D 21/04 ・・Casting aluminium or magnesium {no material; see B22D 21/007}

B22D 21/06 ・Casting non-ferrous metals with a high melting point, e.g. metallic carbides (B22D 21/02 takes precedence)

B22D 23/00 Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D 1/00 to B22D 21/00(making metallic powder by casting B22F 9/08; alumino-thermic welding B23K 23/00; remelting metals C22B 9/16)

B22D 23/003 ・{Moulding by spraying metal on a surface}

B22D 23/006 ・{Casting by filling the mould through rotation of the mould together with a molten metal holding recipient, about a common axis}

B22D 23/02 ・Top casting

B22D 23/04 ・Casting by dipping (hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape C23C 2/00)

B22D 23/06 ・Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould

B22D 23/10 ・・Electroslag casting {(electroslag remelting C22B 9/18)}

B22D 25/00 Special casting characterised by the nature of the product (B22D 15/02, B22D 17/16, B22D 19/00 take precedence; casting stereotype plates B41D 3/00)

B22D 25/005 ・{Casting metal foams}

B22D 25/02 ・by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art {(cylinders, pistons B22D 15/02)}

B22D 25/023 ・・{Casting chains or the like}

B22D 25/026 ・・{Casting jewelry articles (B22D 13/063 takes precedence)}

B22D 25/04 ・・Casting metal electric battery plates or the like (manufacture thereof by multi-step processes H01M 4/82)

B22D 25/06 ・by its physical properties (B22D 27/00 takes precedence)

B22D 25/08 ・・by uniform hardness (B22D 15/00 takes precedence)

B22D 27/00 Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile (B22D 7/12, B22D 11/10, B22D 43/00 take precedence); {Pressure or vacuum casting (B22D 17/00 takes precedence)}

B22D 27/003 ・{by using inert gases}

B22D 27/006 ・{by using reactive gases}

B22D 27/02 ・Use of electric or magnetic effects {(for continuous casting B22D 11/015, B22D 11/11)}

B22D 27/04 ・Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould

B22D 27/045 ・・{Directionally solidified castings}

B22D 27/06 ・・Heating the top discard of ingots (hot tops for ingot moulds B22D 7/10)

B22D 27/08 ・Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds

B22D 27/09 ・by using pressure

B22D 27/11 ・・making use of mechanical pressing devices

B22D 27/13 ・・making use of gas pressure

B22D 27/15 ・by using vacuum

B22D 27/18 ・Measures for using chemical processes for influencing the surface composition of castings, e.g. for increasing resistance to acid attack

B22D 27/20 ・Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor

B22D 29/00 Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots {(B22D 13/10, B22D 11/124, B22D 17/00 take precedence)}

B22D 29/001 ・{Removing cores}

B22D 29/002 ・・{by leaching, washing or dissolving}

B22D 29/003 ・・{using heat}

B22D 29/005 ・・{by vibrating or hammering}

B22D 29/006 ・・{by abrasive, water or air blasting}

B22D 29/007 ・・{by using explosive shock waves}

B22D 29/008 ・・・{in a liquid medium}

B22D 29/02 ・Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks

B22D 29/04 ・Handling or stripping castings or ingots (grippers in general, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. B66C)

B22D 29/06 ・・Strippers actuated by fluid pressure

B22D 29/08 ・・Strippers actuated mechanically

B22D 30/00 Cooling castings, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group (accessories for cooling cast stock in continuous casting of metals B22D 11/124; controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould in continuous casting of metals B22D 11/22; chill casting B22D 15/00)

B22D 31/00 Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; {Cleaning and working on castings (B22D 17/2076 takes precedence)}

B22D 31/002 ・{Cleaning, working on castings}

B22D 31/005 ・・{Sealing or impregnating porous castings}

B22D 31/007 ・・{Tumbling mills}

B22D 33/00 Equipment for handling moulds

B22D 33/005 ・{Transporting flaskless moulds}

B22D 33/02 ・Turning or transposing moulds

B22D 33/04 ・Bringing together or separating moulds

B22D 33/06 ・Burdening or relieving moulds

B22D 35/00 Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds (B22D 37/00 to B22D 41/00 take precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups)

B22D 35/02 ・into beds

B22D 35/04 ・into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners

B22D 35/045 ・・{Runner base plates for bottom casting ingots}

B22D 35/06 ・Heating or cooling equipment

B22D 37/00 Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel (B22D 39/00 ,B22D 41/00T ake precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this subclass){B22D 11/18 takes precedence}

B22D 37/005 ・{Shielding the molten metal stream (B22D 11/106, B22D 41/50 take precedence)}

B22D 39/00 Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations (specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this subclass)

B22D 39/003 ・{using electromagnetic field}

B22D 39/006 ・・{Electromagnetic conveyers}

B22D 39/02 ・having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by volume

B22D 39/023 ・・{using a displacement member}

B22D 39/026 ・・{using a ladler}

B22D 39/04 ・having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by weight

B22D 39/06 ・having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal

B22D 41/00 Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like (B22D 39/00, B22D 43/00 take precedence)

B22D 41/001 ・{devices for cleaning ladles (cleaning in general B08B)}

B22D 41/003 ・{with impact pads}

B22D 41/005 ・with heating or cooling means

B22D 41/01 ・・Heating means

B22D 41/015 ・・・with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle

B22D 41/02 ・Linings

B22D 41/023 ・・{Apparatus used for making or repairing linings (equipment used for making or repairing converter linings C21C 5/441)}

B22D 41/026 ・・{Apparatus used for fracturing and removing of linings}

B22D 41/04 ・tiltable

B22D 41/05 ・・Tea-pot spout ladles

B22D 41/06 ・Equipment for tilting

B22D 41/08 ・for bottom pouring (B22D 41/14, B22D 41/50 take precedence)

B22D 41/12 ・Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles (casting cranes B66C)

B22D 41/13 ・・Ladle turrets

B22D 41/14 ・Closures

B22D 41/16 ・・stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening

B22D 41/18 ・・・Stopper-rods therefor

B22D 41/183 ・・・・{with cooling means}

B22D 41/186 ・・・・{with means for injecting a fluid into the melt}

B22D 41/20 ・・・Stopper-rod operating equipment

B22D 41/22 ・・sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings

B22D 41/24 ・・・characterised by a rectilinearly movable plate (B22D 41/38 to B22D 41/42 take precedence)

B22D 41/26 ・・・characterised by a rotatively movable plate (B22D 41/38 to B22D 41/42 take precedence)

B22D 41/28 ・・・Plates therefor (B22D 41/38 to B22D 41/42 take precedence)

B22D 41/30 ・・・・Manufacturing or repairing thereof

B22D 41/32 ・・・・・characterised by the materials used therefor

B22D 41/34 ・・・・Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor

B22D 41/36 ・・・・Treating the plates, e.g. lubricating, heating (ladles, cups or the like with heating means B22D 41/01)

B22D 41/38 ・・・Means for operating the sliding gate

B22D 41/40 ・・・Means for pressing the plates together

B22D 41/42 ・・・Features relating to gas injection

B22D 41/44 ・・Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once

B22D 41/46 ・・・Refractory plugging masses

B22D 41/465 ・・・・{Unplugging a vessel discharge port}

B22D 41/48 ・・・Meltable closures

B22D 41/50 ・Pouring-nozzles

B22D 41/502 ・・{Connection arrangements; Sealing means therefor}

B22D 41/505 ・・{Rings, inserts or other means preventing external nozzle erosion by the slag}

B22D 41/507 ・・{giving a rotating motion to the issuing molten metal}

B22D 41/52 ・・Manufacturing or repairing thereof

B22D 41/54 ・・・characterised by the materials used therefor

B22D 41/56 ・・Means for supporting, manipulating or changing a pouring-nozzle

B22D 41/58 ・・with gas injecting means

B22D 41/60 ・・with heating or cooling means

B22D 41/62 ・・with stirring or vibrating means

B22D 43/00 Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals

B22D 43/001 ・{Retaining slag during pouring molten metal}

B22D 43/002 ・・{by using floating means}

B22D 43/004 ・・{by using filtering means (B22C 9/086 takes precedence)}

B22D 43/005 ・{Removing slag from a molten metal surface}

B22D 43/007 ・・{by using scrapers}

B22D 43/008 ・・{by suction}

B22D 45/00 Equipment for casting, not otherwise provided for

B22D 45/005 ・{Evacuation of fumes, dust or waste gases during manipulations in the foundry (during steel manufacture C21C 5/38; evacuation from furnaces F27D 17/001)}

B22D 46/00 Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general G05)

B22D 47/00 Casting plants

B22D 47/02 ・for both moulding and casting