WebCPC CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

F27D　DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE (combustion apparatus F23)

F27D 1/00 Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs (refractory materials C04B; firebridges for combustion chambers F23M 3/00)

F27D 1/0003 ・{Linings or walls}

F27D 1/0006 ・・{Linings or walls formed from bricks or layers with a particular composition or specific characteristics}

F27D 1/0009 ・・・{Comprising ceramic fibre elements}

F27D 1/0013 ・・・・{the fibre elements being in the form of a folded blanket or a juxtaposition of folded blankets}

F27D 1/0016 ・・・・・{Interleaved multiple folded blankets}

F27D 1/002 ・・・・{the fibre elements being composed of adjacent separate strips}

F27D 1/0023 ・・{Linings or walls comprising expansion joints or means to restrain expansion due to thermic flows}

F27D 1/0026 ・・・{the expansion joint being a resilient element, e.g. a metallic plate between two bricks}

F27D 1/003 ・・{Linings or walls comprising porous bricks}

F27D 1/0033 ・・{Linings or walls comprising heat shields, e.g. heat shieldsd (shields protecting the charge F27D 5/00)}

F27D 1/0036 ・・{Linings or walls comprising means for supporting electric resistances in the furnace}

F27D 1/004 ・・{Linings or walls comprising means for securing bricks}

F27D 1/0043 ・{Floors, hearths}

F27D 1/02 ・Crowns; Roofs

F27D 1/021 ・・{Suspended roofs}

F27D 1/022 ・・・{Parts thereof, e.g. noses, arches}

F27D 1/024 ・・・{having an anchored layer of lining}

F27D 1/025 ・・{Roofs supported around their periphery, e.g. arched roofs}

F27D 1/027 ・・・{Skew backs}

F27D 1/028 ・・・{Means to prevent deformation of the arch}

F27D 1/04 ・characterised by the form {e.g. shape} of the bricks or blocks used

F27D 1/042 ・・{Bricks shaped for use in regenerators}

F27D 1/045 ・・{Bricks for lining cylindrical bodies, e.g. skids, tubes}

F27D 1/06 ・・Composite bricks or blocks {e.g. panels, modules}

F27D 1/063 ・・・{Individual composite bricks or blocks}

F27D 1/066 ・・・・{Individual composite bricks or blocks made from hollow bricks filled up with another material}

F27D 1/08 ・・・Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing

F27D 1/10 ・Monolithic linings; Supports therefor {Note: supports are classified in F27D 1/14}

F27D 1/12 ・incorporating cooling arrangements (constructions of tube assemblies in general F28)

F27D 1/14 ・Supports for linings (F27D 1/10 takes precedence)

F27D 1/141 ・・{Anchors therefor}

F27D 1/142 ・・・{Anchors made from ceramic material}

F27D 1/144 ・・{Supports for ceramic fibre materials}

F27D 1/145 ・・{Assembling elements}

F27D 1/147 ・・・{for bricks}

F27D 1/148 ・・・・{Means to suspend bricks}

F27D 1/16 ・Making or repairing linings {increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings}

F27D 1/1621 ・・{Making linings by using shaped elements, e.g. bricks}

F27D 1/1626 ・・{Making linings by compacting a refractory mass in the space defined by a backing mould or pattern and the furnace wall}

F27D 1/1636 ・・{Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining}

F27D 1/1642 ・・・{using a gunning apparatus}

F27D 1/1647 ・・・・{the projected materials being partly melted, e.g. by exothermic reactions of metals (Al, Si) with oxygen}

F27D 1/1652 ・・・・・{Flame guniting; Use of a fuel}

F27D 1/1668 ・・・・・{Plasma guniting}

F27D 1/1673 ・・・{applied centrifugally}

F27D 1/1678 ・・{Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting}

F27D 1/1684 ・・・{by a special coating applied to the lining}

F27D 1/1694 ・・{Breaking away the lining or removing parts thereof}

F27D 1/18 ・Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers

F27D 1/1808 ・・{Removable covers}

F27D 1/1816 ・・・{Removable covers specially adapted for arc furnaces}

F27D 1/1858 ・・{Doors}

F27D 1/1866 ・・・{Door-frames}

F27D 3/00 Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge (moving charge through a furnace F27B 9/14)

F27D 3/0021 ・{of ceramic ware}

F27D 3/0022 ・・{Disposition of the charge}

F27D 3/0024 ・{of metallic workpieces}

F27D 3/0025 ・{Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state}

F27D 3/0026 ・・{Introducing additives into the melt}

F27D 3/0027 ・・{Charging vertically with corbs}

F27D 3/0028 ・・・{Corbs}

F27D 3/003 ・・{Charging laterally, e.g. with a charging box}

F27D 3/0031 ・・{Charging with tiltable dumpers}

F27D 3/0032 ・・{using an air-lock}

F27D 3/0033 ・{charging of particulate material}

F27D 3/0084 ・{Charging; Manipulation of SC or SC wafers}

F27D 3/02 ・Skids or tracks for heavy objects

F27D 3/022 ・・{Skids}

F27D 3/024 ・・・{Details of skids, e.g. riders}

F27D 3/026 ・・{transport or conveyer rolls for furnaces; roller rails (conveyer rolls in general B65G)}

F27D 3/028 ・・・{Roller rails or succession of small sized rollers}

F27D 3/04 ・Ram or pusher apparatus

F27D 3/06 ・Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages

F27D 3/08 ・Screw feeders; Screw dischargers

F27D 3/10 ・Charging directly from hoppers or shoots

F27D 3/12 ・Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge

F27D 3/123 ・・{Furnace cars}

F27D 3/14 ・Charging or discharging liquid or molten material

F27D 3/145 ・・{Runners therefor}

F27D 3/15 ・Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing {or retaining} slag

F27D 3/1509 ・・{Tapping equipment}

F27D 3/1518 ・・・{Tapholes}

F27D 3/1527 ・・・{Taphole forming equipment, e.g. boring machines, piercing tools}

F27D 3/1536 ・・・{Devices for plugging tap holes, e.g. plugs stoppers}{Note: the devices fixed permanently to the melt container are classified in F27D 3/15A}

F27D 3/1545 ・・{Equipment for removing or retaining slag}

F27D 3/1554 ・・・{for removing the slag from the surface of the melt}

F27D 3/1563 ・・・・{by the use of scrapers}

F27D 3/1572 ・・・・{by suction}

F27D 3/1581 ・・・・{by the use of blowers}

F27D 3/159 ・・・{for retaining slag during the pouring of the metal or retaining metal during the pouring of the slag}

F27D 3/16 ・Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge {(porous elements for gas flushing of molten metals B22D 1/005)}

F27D 3/18 ・Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier

F27D 5/00 Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace (travelling or movable supports F27D 3/12)

F27D 5/0006 ・{Composite supporting structures}

F27D 5/0012 ・・{Modules of the sagger or setter type; Supports built up from them}

F27D 5/0018 ・・{Separating elements}

F27D 5/0025 ・・{assembled to present a three-point support}

F27D 5/0031 ・{Treatment baskets for ceramic articles (for metallic articles C21D 9/0025)}

F27D 5/0037 ・{Supports specially adapted for semi-conductors}

F27D 5/0043 ・{Supports specially adapted for dental prosthesis}

F27D 5/005 ・{Supports specially adapted for holding elongated articles in an upright position, e.g. sparking plugs}

F27D 5/0056 ・{Hangers}

F27D 5/0062 ・{Shields for the charge (shields for the lining F27D 1/0033)}

F27D 5/0068 ・{Containers}

F27D 7/00 Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers

F27D 7/02 ・Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids

F27D 7/04 ・Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means

F27D 7/06 ・Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers (F27D 7/02 takes precedence)

F27D 9/00 Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein (F27D 1/00, F27D 3/00 take precedence)

F27D 11/00 Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces (electric heating per se H05B)

F27D 11/02 ・Ohmic resistance heating

F27D 11/04 ・・with direct passage of current through the material being heated

F27D 11/06 ・Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer

F27D 11/08 ・Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge

F27D 11/10 ・・Disposition of electrodes (automatic control of temperature G05D 23/00; electric discharge apparatus H01T; arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes H05B 7/10; automatic control of power by positioning of electrodes H05B 7/144)

F27D 11/12 ・with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated

F27D 13/00 Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges

F27D 13/002 ・{Preheating scrap (preheating of scrap for steel making C21C 5/565)}

F27D 13/005 ・{Drying of green clay prior to baking}

F27D 15/00 Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor

F27D 15/02 ・Cooling

F27D 15/0206 ・・{with means to convey the charge}

F27D 15/0213 ・・・{comprising a cooling grate}

F27D 15/022 ・・・・{grate plates}

F27D 15/0266 ・・・{on an endless belt}

F27D 15/0273 ・・・{on a rotary hearth}

F27D 15/028 ・・・{comprising a rotary drum}

F27D 15/0286 ・・{in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft (shafts including rotating parts F27D 15/0273)}

F27D 17/00 Arrangements for using waste heat (heat-exchangers per se F28); Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases

F27D 17/001 ・{Extraction of waste gases, collection of fumes and hoods used therefor (in general B08B 15/00)}

F27D 17/002 ・・{Details of the installations, e.g. fume conduits or seals}

F27D 17/003 ・・{of waste gases emanating from an electric arc furnace}

F27D 17/004 ・{Systems for reclaiming waste heat}

F27D 17/008 ・{cleaning gases}

F27D 19/00 Arrangements of controlling devices

F27D 21/00 Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices

F27D 21/0014 ・{Devices for monitoring temperature}

F27D 21/0021 ・{Devices for monitoring linings for wear}

F27D 21/0028 ・{Devices for monitoring the level of the melt}

F27D 21/0035 ・{Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge}

F27D 21/02 ・Observation or illuminating devices

F27D 21/04 ・Arrangements of indicators or alarms

F27D 25/00 Devices {or methods} for removing incrustations, {e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust}; {Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag}

F27D 25/001 ・{comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers (breaking away linings F27D 1/1694; boring machines for forming tapholes F27D 3/1527)}

F27D 25/003 ・・{used for punching tuyeres}

F27D 25/005 ・・{used for cleaning the channels of induction furnaces}

F27D 25/006 ・{using explosives}

F27D 25/008 ・{using fluids or gases, e.g. blowers, suction units}

F27D 27/00 Stirring devices for molten material (F27D 3/14 takes precedence)

F27D 27/005 ・{Pumps}

F27D 27/007 ・・{Pulsating pumps}

F27D 99/00 Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

F27D 99/0001 ・{Heating elements or systems}

F27D 99/0003 ・・{with particulate fuel, e.g. aspects relating to the feeding}

F27D 99/0005 ・・{Injecting liquid fuel}

F27D 99/0006 ・・{Electric heating elements or system}

F27D 99/0033 ・・{using burners (manufacture of steel in an electric arc furnace equipped with burners C21C 5/5217)}

F27D 99/0035 ・・・{Heating indirectly through a radiant surface}

F27D 99/007 ・{Partitions}

F27D 99/0073 ・{Seals}

F27D 99/0075 ・・{Gas curtain seals}

F27D 99/0076 ・・{Furnace car seals, i.e. seals used in continuous furnaces or kilns for preventing gas or heat exchange between heating chamber and the area comprising driving means}

F27D 2001/00 Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs (refractory materials C04B; firebridges for combustion chambers F23M 3/00)

F27D 2001/0046 ・Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing (repairing linings F27D 1/16)

F27D 2001/005 ・・Removable part or structure with replaceable elements

F27D 2001/0053 ・・Furnace constructed in modules (tunnel furnaces with add-on modules F27B 9/029)

F27D 2001/0056 ・・Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear

F27D 2001/0059 ・Construction elements of a furnace

F27D 2001/0063 ・・Means to strengthen a part

F27D 2001/0066 ・・Movable or removable parts (removable parts for replacement because of wearing F27D 2001/005)

F27D 2001/0069 ・・Means to prevent heat conduction (heat shields F27D 1/0033)

F27D 2001/0073 ・・・Surrounding protection around the furnace, e.g. covers, circulation of gas

F27D 2001/0076 ・・comprising a corrugated sheet

F27D 2001/0079 ・Means to assemble at least two parts of a furnace or of any device or accessory associated to its use (assembling elements for linings parts F27D 1/145)

F27D 2001/0083 ・・Means to assemble a moving part to a fixed one (movements due to thermal expansion F27D 1/0003; movements of the cover F27D 1/18; movements of the container or of the support of the cahrge F27D 2003/0085)

F27D 2001/0086 ・・・the moving part being in rotation

F27D 2001/0089 ・・・the moving part being in translation

F27D 2001/0093 ・・・the moving part being hinged to the fixed one

F27D 2001/0096 ・・・the moving part staying in the same plane

F27D 2001/04 ・characterised by the form {e.g. shape} of the bricks or blocks used

F27D 2001/045 ・・{Bricks for lining cylindrical bodies, e.g. skids, tubes}

F27D 2001/047 ・・・Lining of cylindrical vessels

F27D 2001/16 ・Making or repairing linings {increasing the durability of linings or breaking away linings}

F27D 2001/1605 ・・Repairing linings

F27D 2001/161 ・・・Hot repair

F27D 2001/1615 ・・・through a hole in the casing, e.g. injecting refractory from outside the vessel

F27D 2001/1626 ・・{Making linings by compacting a refractory mass in the space defined by a backing mould or pattern and the furnace wall}

F27D 2001/1631 ・・・using an expandable core

F27D 2001/1636 ・・{Repairing linings by projecting or spraying refractory materials on the lining}

F27D 2001/1642 ・・・{using a gunning apparatus}

F27D 2001/1647 ・・・・{the projected materials being partly melted, e.g. by exothermic reactions of metals (Al, Si) with oxygen}

F27D 2001/1652 ・・・・・{Flame guniting; Use of a fuel}

F27D 2001/1657 ・・・・・・Solid fuel

F27D 2001/1663 ・・・・・・Fluid fuel, e.g. gas

F27D 2001/1678 ・・{Increasing the durability of linings; Means for protecting}

F27D 2001/1684 ・・・{by a special coating applied to the lining}

F27D 2001/1689 ・・・・obtained from materials added to the melt

F27D 2001/18 ・Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers

F27D 2001/1808 ・・{Removable covers}

F27D 2001/1825 ・・・Means for moving the cover

F27D 2001/1833 ・・・・comprising a screw mechanism

F27D 2001/1841 ・・・・comprising means for rotating or moving the cover in a horizontal or quasi horizontal plane

F27D 2001/185 ・・・・comprising means for tilting the cover

F27D 2001/1858 ・・{Doors}

F27D 2001/1875 ・・・Hanging doors and walls (movable partitions R27D 23/00B2)

F27D 2001/1883 ・・・・Hanging curtains

F27D 2001/1891 ・・・Doors for separating two chambers in the furnace

F27D 2003/00 Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge (moving charge through a furnace F27B 9/14)

F27D 2003/0001 ・Positioning the charge

F27D 2003/0002 ・・involving positioning devices, e.g. buffers, buffer zones (involving sensors F27D 2019/0071; involving sequence controllers F27D 2019/0059; involving spacers F27M 2002/016)

F27D 2003/0003 ・・involving a system for aligning the articles through a lateral guidance, e.g. funnel

F27D 2003/0004 ・・involving devices for measuring the article, the stack of articles or the height of the furnace passage or for adjusting the height of the passage to the charge or for putting the articles in the same position

F27D 2003/0006 ・・Particulate materials

F27D 2003/0007 ・・・Circular distribution

F27D 2003/0008 ・・・Longitudinal distribution

F27D 2003/0009 ・・・Separation of different types of fines, e.g. by a blower

F27D 2003/001 ・・・Series of dispensers or separation in teo or more parts

F27D 2003/0012 ・・Working with piles

F27D 2003/0013 ・・・Unstacking or making stacks

F27D 2003/0014 ・・involving the use of magazines

F27D 2003/0015 ・・・the magazine being vertical

F27D 2003/0016 ・・・the magazine being a rotary device

F27D 2003/0018 ・・comprising means to introduce or extract the charge in series of separate containers or zones

F27D 2003/0019 ・・・simultaneously

F27D 2003/002 ・・Transforming a single row in a multiple row

F27D 2003/0034 ・Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities

F27D 2003/0036 ・・comprising inflatable or extendable parts

F27D 2003/0037 ・・comprising friction surfaces

F27D 2003/0038 ・・comprising shakers

F27D 2003/0039 ・・comprising magnetic means

F27D 2003/004 ・・・Magnetic lifters

F27D 2003/0042 ・・comprising roller trains

F27D 2003/0043 ・・・at least one of them being driven separately

F27D 2003/0044 ・・・at least one of them being removable

F27D 2003/0045 ・・・Use of rollable bodies, e.g. balls

F27D 2003/0046 ・・comprising one or more movable arms, e.g. forks

F27D 2003/0048 ・・・Walking beams

F27D 2003/0049 ・・・・comprising eccentrics or lever arms

F27D 2003/005 ・・・・comprising ramps

F27D 2003/0051 ・・comprising means to pick up the charge and put it down

F27D 2003/0053 ・・comprising a device for charging with the doors closed

F27D 2003/0054 ・・Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump

F27D 2003/0055 ・・・with flow regulation

F27D 2003/0056 ・・・through a syphon in a vacuum chamber, e.g. involving aspiration or pression on the bath

F27D 2003/0057 ・・Fast-outlet or inlet means

F27D 2003/0059 ・・comprising tracks, e.g. rails and wagon

F27D 2003/006 ・・・with a return track

F27D 2003/0061 ・・・with means for changing track

F27D 2003/0062 ・・using devices for tilting or rocking the charge

F27D 2003/0063 ・・comprising endless belts

F27D 2003/0065 ・・Lifts, e.g. containing the bucket elevators

F27D 2003/0066 ・・comprising scrapers or systems to pull out

F27D 2003/0067 ・・comprising conveyers where the translation is communicated by friction from at least one rotating element, e.g. two opposed rotations combined

F27D 2003/0068 ・・comprising clamps or tongs

F27D 2003/0069 ・・the device being suspended, e.g. from a crane

F27D 2003/0071 ・・Use of a comminuting device, e.g. grinding mill

F27D 2003/0072 ・・Use of a pinion and a rack

F27D 2003/0073 ・・the charge floating on a liquid, e.g. water

F27D 2003/0074 ・・・floating on water

F27D 2003/0075 ・・Charging or discharging vertically, e.g. through a bottom opening

F27D 2003/0077 ・・Use of centrifugal devices

F27D 2003/0078 ・・comprising jacks, e.g. hydraulic jacks

F27D 2003/0079 ・・Use of cams

F27D 2003/008 ・・comprising cross-beams or gantry cranes

F27D 2003/0081 ・・Series of little rams

F27D 2003/0083 ・・Means for stirring the charge

F27D 2003/0085 ・Movement of the container or support of the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities

F27D 2003/0086 ・・Up or down

F27D 2003/0087 ・・Rotation about a vertical axis

F27D 2003/0089 ・・Rotation about a horizontal or slightly inclined axis

F27D 2003/009 ・・・Oscillations about a horizontal axis; Rocking

F27D 2003/0091 ・・Horizontally

F27D 2003/0092 ・・・with a reciprocating movement

F27D 2003/0093 ・・Movement on a slope

F27D 2003/0095 ・・the advancement being step by step

F27D 2003/0096 ・・Advancement along the longitudinal axis of the workpiece

F27D 2003/0097 ・・Advancement along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece

F27D 2003/0098 ・・・Workpiece rolling on its support

F27D 2003/04 ・Ram or pusher apparatus

F27D 2003/045 ・・used to pull the charge

F27D 2003/10 ・Charging directly from hoppers or shoots

F27D 2003/105 ・・using shutters

F27D 2003/12 ・Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge

F27D 2003/121 ・・Band, belt or mesh

F27D 2003/122 ・・・Band made from longitudinal wires or bars

F27D 2003/124 ・・Sleds; Transport supports

F27D 2003/125 ・・Charging cars, lift trolleys

F27D 2003/126 ・・・with long arms, charging forks

F27D 2003/127 ・・・for carrying pots (slag pots R27D 23/00K6)

F27D 2003/128 ・・・for carrying stacks of articles, e.g. bricks

F27D 2003/16 ・Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge {(porous elements for gas flushing of molten metals B22D 1/005)}

F27D 2003/161 ・・through a porous element

F27D 2003/162 ・・the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel

F27D 2003/163 ・・・the fluid being an oxidant

F27D 2003/164 ・・・・Oxygen

F27D 2003/165 ・・・the fluid being a fuel

F27D 2003/166 ・・the fluid being a treatment gas

F27D 2003/167 ・・the fluid being a neutral gas

F27D 2003/168 ・・through a lance

F27D 2003/169 ・・・Construction of the lance, e.g. lances for injecting particles

F27D 2003/18 ・Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier

F27D 2003/185 ・・Conveying particles in a conduct using a fluid

F27D 2005/00 Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace (travelling or movable supports F27D 3/12)

F27D 2005/0068 ・{Containers}

F27D 2005/0075 ・・Pots, e.g. slag pots, ladles

F27D 2005/0081 ・Details

F27D 2005/0087 ・・Means to prevent the adherence of the charge

F27D 2005/0093 ・・Means to maintain the form of the article

F27D 2007/00 Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers

F27D 2007/02 ・Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids

F27D 2007/023 ・・Conduits

F27D 2007/026 ・・Dampers (registers for granular flows R27D 23/00B2)

F27D 2007/04 ・Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means

F27D 2007/045 ・・Fans

F27D 2007/06 ・Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers (F27D 7/02 takes precedence)

F27D 2007/063 ・・Special atmospheres, e.g. high pressure atmospheres

F27D 2007/066 ・・Vacuum

F27D 2009/00 Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein (F27D 1/00, F27D 3/00 take precedence)

F27D 2009/0002 ・Cooling of furnaces

F27D 2009/0005 ・・the cooling medium being a gas

F27D 2009/0008 ・・・Ways to inject gases against surfaces

F27D 2009/001 ・・the cooling medium being a fluid other than a gas

F27D 2009/0013 ・・・the fluid being water

F27D 2009/0016 ・・・・Water-spray

F27D 2009/0018 ・・the cooling medium passing through a pattern of tubes

F27D 2009/0021 ・・・with the parallel tube parts close to each other, e.g. a serpentine

F27D 2009/0024 ・・・・with contiguous tubes, which may be separately welded one to the other

F27D 2009/0027 ・・・・linked by elements

F27D 2009/0029 ・・・・fixed, e.g. welded to a supporting surface

F27D 2009/0032 ・・・integrated with refractories in a panel

F27D 2009/0035 ・・・arranged for the covering of a cylindrical surface

F27D 2009/0037 ・・the cooling medium passing a radiator

F27D 2009/004 ・・the cooling medium passing a waterbox

F27D 2009/0043 ・・・Insert type waterbox, e.g. cylindrical or flat type

F27D 2009/0045 ・・the cooling medium passing a block, e.g. metallic

F27D 2009/0048 ・・・incorporating conduits for the medium

F27D 2009/0051 ・・comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner

F27D 2009/0054 ・・・adapted to retain formed bricks

F27D 2009/0056 ・・Use of high thermoconductive elements

F27D 2009/0059 ・・・made mostly from graphite

F27D 2009/0062 ・・・made from copper or copper alloy

F27D 2009/0064 ・・Cooling of furnace arches

F27D 2009/0067 ・・Cooling element inlet and outlet tubes

F27D 2009/007 ・Cooling of charges therein

F27D 2009/0072 ・・the cooling medium being a gas

F27D 2009/0075 ・・・in direct contact with the charge

F27D 2009/0078 ・・・in indirect contact with the charge

F27D 2009/0081 ・・the cooling medium being a fluid (other than a gas in direct or indirect contact with the charge)

F27D 2009/0083 ・・・the fluid being water

F27D 2009/0086 ・・・・applied in spray form

F27D 2009/0089 ・・Quenching

F27D 2009/0091 ・・in a fluidised bed of cooling elements

F27D 2009/0094 ・・making use of already cooled material, e.g. forming a layer

F27D 2009/0097 ・・・the charge being used as a coolant

F27D 2013/00 Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges

F27D 2013/007 ・using a rotary furnace

F27D 2015/00 Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor

F27D 2015/02 ・Cooling

F27D 2015/0206 ・・{with means to convey the charge}

F27D 2015/0213 ・・・{comprising a cooling grate}

F27D 2015/022 ・・・・{grate plates}

F27D 2015/0226 ・・・・・Support, fixation of the grate

F27D 2015/0233 ・・・・・with gas, e.g. air, supply to the grate

F27D 2015/024 ・・・・Multiple grates

F27D 2015/0246 ・・・・Combination of fixed and movable grates

F27D 2015/0253 ・・・・・Gradin grates

F27D 2015/026 ・・・・Means to discharge the fines

F27D 2015/0286 ・・{in a vertical, e.g. annular, shaft (shafts including rotating parts F27D 15/0273)}

F27D 2015/0293 ・・・including rotating parts

F27D 2017/00 Arrangements for using waste heat (heat-exchangers per se F28); Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases

F27D 2017/004 ・{Systems for reclaiming waste heat}

F27D 2017/005 ・・including pyrolising the waste gases

F27D 2017/006 ・・using a boiler

F27D 2017/007 ・・including regenerators

F27D 2017/009 ・Cyclone for separating fines from gas

F27D 2019/00 Arrangements of controlling devices

F27D 2019/0003 ・Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value

F27D 2019/0006 ・Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pression) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value

F27D 2019/0009 ・・Monitoring the pression in an enclosure or kiln zone

F27D 2019/0012 ・・Monitoring the composition of the atmosphere or of one of their components

F27D 2019/0015 ・・・Monitoring the composition of the exhaust gases or of one of its components

F27D 2019/0018 ・・Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln

F27D 2019/0021 ・・・Monitoring the temperature of the exhaust gases

F27D 2019/0025 ・・Monitoring the temperature of a part or of an element of the furnace structure

F27D 2019/0028 ・Regulation

F27D 2019/0031 ・・through control of the flow of the exhaust gases

F27D 2019/0034 ・・through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current

F27D 2019/0037 ・・・Quantity of electric current

F27D 2019/004 ・・・Fuel quantity

F27D 2019/0043 ・・・・Amount of air or O2 to the burner

F27D 2019/0046 ・・・・Amount of secondary air to the burner

F27D 2019/005 ・・・Amount of heat given to the charge via a controlled heat exchanger

F27D 2019/0053 ・・・・involving heating the charge in a fluid or fluidised medium

F27D 2019/0056 ・・Regulation involving cooling

F27D 2019/0059 ・・Regulation involving the control of the conveyer movement, e.g. speed or sequences

F27D 2019/0062 ・・・control of the workpiece stay in different zones

F27D 2019/0065 ・・Regulation involving controlled section modification

F27D 2019/0068 ・・Regulation involving a measured inflow of a particular gas in the enclosure

F27D 2019/0071 ・・Regulation using position sensors

F27D 2019/0075 ・・Regulation of the charge quantity

F27D 2019/0078 ・・Regulation of the speed of the gas through the charge

F27D 2019/0081 ・Controlling an air-lock chamber

F27D 2019/0084 ・Controlling closure systems, e.g. doors

F27D 2019/0087 ・Automatisation of the whole plant or activity

F27D 2019/009 ・・Use of codes, e.g. bar codes

F27D 2019/0093 ・Maintaining a temperature gradient

F27D 2019/0096 ・involving simulation means, e.g. of the treating or charging step

F27D 2021/00 Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices

F27D 2021/0007 ・Monitoring the pression

F27D 2021/0035 ・{Devices for monitoring the weight of quantities added to the charge}

F27D 2021/0042 ・・Monitoring the level of the solid charge

F27D 2021/005 ・Devices for monitoring thermal expansion

F27D 2021/0057 ・Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects

F27D 2021/0064 ・・against noises

F27D 2021/0071 ・・against explosions

F27D 2021/0078 ・・against the presence of an undesirable element in the atmosphere of the furnace

F27D 2021/0085 ・・against molten metal, e.g. leakage or splashes

F27D 2021/0092 ・・against a jam in the transport line or a production interruption

F27D 2021/02 ・Observation or illuminating devices

F27D 2021/023 ・・Closable inserting openings, e.g. for the introduction of lances, sensors or burners

F27D 2021/026 ・・using a video installation

F27D 2027/00 Stirring devices for molten material (F27D 3/14 takes precedence)

F27D 2027/002 ・Gas stirring

F27D 2099/00 Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass

F27D 2099/0001 ・{Heating elements or systems}

F27D 2099/0006 ・・{Electric heating elements or system}

F27D 2099/0008 ・・・Resistor heating

F27D 2099/001 ・・・・the container being the resistor

F27D 2099/0011 ・・・・The resistor heats a radiant tube or surface

F27D 2099/0013 ・・・・・immersed in the charge

F27D 2099/0015 ・・・Induction heating

F27D 2099/0016 ・・・・Different magnetic fields, e.g. two coils, different characteristics of the same coil along its length or different parts of the same coil used

F27D 2099/0018 ・・・・Relative movement of the coil and the charge during the heat treatment

F27D 2099/002 ・・・・Core heating

F27D 2099/0021 ・・・Arc heating

F27D 2099/0023 ・・・・DC arc heating

F27D 2099/0025 ・・・Currents through the charge

F27D 2099/0026 ・・・with a generator of electromagnetic radiations

F27D 2099/0028 ・・・Microwave heating

F27D 2099/003 ・・・Bombardment heating, e.g. with ions or eletrons

F27D 2099/0031 ・・・Plasma-torch heating

F27D 2099/0033 ・・{using burners (manufacture of steel in an electric arc furnace equipped with burners C21C 5/5217)}

F27D 2099/0036 ・・・immersed in the charge

F27D 2099/0038 ・・・removable

F27D 2099/004 ・・・directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically

F27D 2099/0041 ・・・・with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially

F27D 2099/0043 ・・・Impulse burner

F27D 2099/0045 ・・・Radiant burner

F27D 2099/0046 ・・・with incomplete combustion, e.g. reducing atmosphere

F27D 2099/0048 ・・・・Post- combustion

F27D 2099/005 ・・・Catalytic burner

F27D 2099/0051 ・・・Burning waste as a fuel

F27D 2099/0053 ・・・Burner fed with preheated gases

F27D 2099/0055 ・・・・Fuel

F27D 2099/0056 ・・・・Oxidant

F27D 2099/0058 ・・Means for heating the charge locally

F27D 2099/006 ・・Auxiliary heating, e.g. in special conditions or at special times

F27D 2099/0061 ・・Indirect heating

F27D 2099/0063 ・・・Liquid

F27D 2099/0065 ・・・Gas

F27D 2099/0066 ・・・Particles or solid bodies, e.g. bed of particles

F27D 2099/0068 ・・Heating directly by circulation of a fluid other than a gas or by particles

F27D 2099/007 ・{Partitions}

F27D 2099/0071 ・・Partitions used as registers

F27D 2099/0073 ・{Seals}

F27D 2099/0078 ・・Means to minimize the leakage of the furnace atmosphere during charging or discharging

F27D 2099/008 ・・・Using an air-lock (use of air-locks for charging smelt furnaces F27D 3/0032)

F27D 2099/0081 ・・Joint

F27D 2099/0083 ・Drives; Auxilliary drives

F27D 2099/0085 ・Accessories

F27D 2099/0086 ・・Filters, e.g. for molten metals

F27D 2099/0088 ・・Apparatus to cut metal, e.g. logs, in billets

F27D 2099/009 ・・Bumpers

F27D 2099/0091 ・・Means to grease or oil

F27D 2099/0093 ・・Means to collect ashes or dust, e.g. vessels

F27D 2099/0095 ・・Means to collect the slag or spilled metal, e.g. vessels (cars to carry the pots F27D 2003/127)

F27D 2099/0096 ・・Presses

F27D 2099/0098 ・・Means for moving the furnace

F27D 2201/00 Manipulation of furnace parts