WebCPC CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

F16F　SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION

F16F 1/00 Springs (working with fluid F16F 5/00, F16F 9/00)

F16F 1/02 ・made of steel or other material having low internal friction ({characterised by their special construction from fibre-reinforced plastics F16F 1/366; spring units consisting of several springs F16F 3/02; making springs from wire B21F 35/00}); Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant

F16F 1/021 ・・{characterised by their composition, e.g. comprising materials providing for particular spring properties (composition and manufacture of clock or watch springs G04B 1/145)}

F16F 1/022 ・・・{made of ceramic materials}

F16F 1/024 ・・{Covers or coatings therefor (F16F 1/24 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/025 ・・{characterised by having a particular shape (F16F 1/04, F16F 1/14, F16F 1/18, F16F 1/32, F16F 1/34 take precedence )}

F16F 1/027 ・・・{Planar, e.g. in sheet form; leaf springs}

F16F 1/028 ・・・{cylindrical, with radial openings}

F16F 1/04 ・・Wound springs {(making springs by coiling wire B21F 3/00)}

F16F 1/041 ・・・{with means for modifying the spring characteristics (F16F 1/12, F16F 3/06 take precedence; fluid regulation of coil spring characteristics in vehicle suspensions B60G 17/0272)}

F16F 1/042 ・・・{characterised by the cross-section of the wire}

F16F 1/043 ・・・・{the cross-section varying with the wire length}

F16F 1/045 ・・・{Canted-coil springs}

F16F 1/046 ・・・{with partial nesting of inner and outer coils (F16F 3/04 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/047 ・・・{characterised by varying pitch}

F16F 1/048 ・・・{with undulations, e.g. wavy springs}

F16F 1/06 ・・・with turns lying in cylindrical surfaces

F16F 1/065 ・・・・{characterised by loading of the coils in a radial direction (canted-coil springs F16F 1/045)}

F16F 1/08 ・・・with turns lying in mainly conical surfaces, {i.e. characterised by varying diameter (F16F 1/10 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/10 ・・・Spiral springs with turns lying substantially in plane surfaces {(F16F 1/326 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/12 ・・・Attachments or mountings {(F16F 1/041, F16F 13/02 take precedence; of combinations of vibration damper and mechanical spring for vehicle suspension units B60G 15/02)}

F16F 1/121 ・・・・{adjustable, e.g. to modify spring characteristics}

F16F 1/122 ・・・・{where coils, e.g. end coils, of the spring are rigidly clamped or similarly fixed}

F16F 1/123 ・・・・{characterised by the ends of the spring being specially adapted, e.g. to form an eye for engagement with a radial insert (F16F 1/122, F16F 1/125 take precedence)}

F16F 1/125 ・・・・{where the end coils of the spring engage an axial insert (F16F 1/126, F16F 1/128 take precedence)}

F16F 1/126 ・・・・{comprising an element between the end coil of the spring and the support proper, e.g. an elastomeric annulus (F16F 1/13 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/127 ・・・・{allowing rotation about axis of spring}

F16F 1/128 ・・・・{with motion-limiting means, e.g. with a full-length guide element or ball joint connections; with protective outer cover (F16F 1/121 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/13 ・・・・comprising inserts and spacers between the windings for changing the mechanical or physical characteristics of the spring {(F16F 1/122 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/14 ・・Torsion springs consisting of bars or tubes

F16F 1/145 ・・・{with means for modifying the spring characteristics (fluid regulation of torsion spring characteristics in vehicle suspensions B60G 17/0277)}

F16F 1/16 ・・・Attachments or mountings {(F16F 1/145 takes precedence; mounting means for vehicle stabiliser bars B60G 21/0551)}

F16F 1/18 ・・Leaf springs {(planar springs in general F16F 1/027; "Belleville"-type springs with generally radial arms F16F 1/324)}

F16F 1/182 ・・・{with inter-engaging portions between leaves or between leaves and mountings, e.g. ridges, notches, ripples}

F16F 1/185 ・・・{characterised by shape or design of individual leaves (F16F 1/22 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/187 ・・・・{shaped into an open profile, i.e. C- or U-shaped}

F16F 1/20 ・・・with layers, e.g. anti-friction layers, or with rollers between the leaves

F16F 1/22 ・・・with means for modifying the spring characteristic {(fluid regulation of leaf spring characteristics in vehicle suspensions B60G 17/0275)}

F16F 1/24 ・・・Lubrication; Covers, e.g. for retaining lubricant

F16F 1/26 ・・・Attachments or mountings ({F16F 1/182, F16F 1/22}B60G 11/10 take precedence)

F16F 1/28 ・・・・comprising cylindrical metal pins pivoted in close-fitting sleeves

F16F 1/30 ・・・・comprising intermediate pieces made of rubber or similar elastic material

F16F 1/32 ・・Belleville-type springs (friction-clutch diaphragm springs F16D 13/583)

F16F 1/322 ・・・{Snap-action springs}

F16F 1/324 ・・・{characterised by having tongues or arms directed in a generally radial direction, i.e. diaphragm-type springs}

F16F 1/326 ・・・・{with a spiral-like appearance}

F16F 1/328 ・・・{with undulations, e.g. wavy springs}

F16F 1/34 ・・Ring springs, i.e. annular bodies deformed radially due to axial load

F16F 1/36 ・made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, {e.g. thermoplastic elastomers (spring units consisting of several springs F16F 3/08)}

F16F 1/3605 ・・{characterised by their material (F16F 1/362, F16F 1/364, F16F 1/366, F16F 1/37 take precedence; composition of macromolecular compounds in general C08L)}

F16F 1/361 ・・・{comprising magneto-rheological elastomers (MR), (magneto-rheological fluid dampers F16F 9/535)}

F16F 1/3615 ・・{with means for modifying the spring characteristic (F16F 1/371 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/362 ・・made of steel wool, compressed hair, {woven or non-woven textile, or like materials}

F16F 1/364 ・・made of cork, wood or like material

F16F 1/366 ・・made of fibre-reinforced plastics, {i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials}

F16F 1/3665 ・・・{Wound springs}

F16F 1/368 ・・・Leaf springs

F16F 1/3683 ・・・・{Attachments or mountings therefor}

F16F 1/3686 ・・・・・{End mountings}

F16F 1/37 ・・of foam-like material, {i.e. micro-cellular material}, e.g. sponge rubber {(padded linings for vehicle interiors B60R 21/04)}

F16F 1/371 ・・characterised by inserts or auxiliary extension {or exterior} elements, e.g. for rigidification (F16F 1/387 takes precedence; {non-embedded reinforcing elements for flexibly-walled air springs F16F 9/0436})

F16F 1/3713 ・・・{with external elements passively influencing spring stiffness, e.g. rings or hoops}

F16F 1/3716 ・・・・{External elements such as covers or envelopes, that are flexible}

F16F 1/373 ・・characterised by having a particular shape {(F16F 9/58 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/3732 ・・・{having an annular or the like shape, e.g. grommet-type resilient mountings}

F16F 1/3735 ・・・・{Multi-part grommet-type resilient mountings}

F16F 1/3737 ・・・{Planar, e.g. in sheet form (vibration dampers comprising one or more constrained viscoelastic layers F16F 9/306)}

F16F 1/374 ・・・having a spherical or the like shape

F16F 1/376 ・・・having projections, studs, serrations or the like on at least one surface ({F16F 1/3835}, F16F 1/387 take precedence)

F16F 1/377 ・・・having holes or openings ({F16F 1/37}, F16F 1/387 take precedence)

F16F 1/379 ・・characterised by arrangements for regulating the spring temperature, e.g. by cooling

F16F 1/38 ・・with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin,{i.e. bushing-type (hydraulically-damped bushes F16F 13/14; suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of elastomeric spring members between rotating elements, driveline torque being transmitted therebetween F16F 15/126, by making use of a dynamic damping mass attached to a rotating element by means of elastomeric springs F16F 15/14; pivots per se F16C 11/00; elastic or yielding bearings or bearing supports F16C 27/00; parts of sliding-contact bearings, e.g. bushes F16C 33/04)}

F16F 1/3807 ・・・{characterised by adaptations for particular modes of stressing}

F16F 1/3814 ・・・・{characterised by adaptations to counter axial forces (F16F 1/393 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/3821 ・・・・{characterised by adaptations to counter torsional forces}

F16F 1/3828 ・・・{End stop features or buffering (F16F 1/3807 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/3835 ・・・{characterised by the sleeve of elastic material, e.g. having indentations or made of materials of different hardness (F16F 1/3807, F16F 1/387 take precedence)}

F16F 1/3842 ・・・{Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof (supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing F16L 3/00)}

F16F 1/3849 ・・・・{Mounting brackets therefor, e.g. stamped steel brackets; Restraining links}

F16F 1/3856 ・・・・{Vulcanisation or gluing of interface between rigid and elastic sleeves}

F16F 1/3863 ・・・{characterised by the rigid sleeves or pin, e.g. of non-circular cross-section (F16F 1/3807,F16F 1/387 take precedence)}

F16F 1/387 ・・・comprising means for modifying the rigidity in particular directions {(spherical or conical sleeves F16F 1/393)}

F16F 1/3873 ・・・・{having holes or openings}

F16F 1/3876 ・・・・{by means of inserts of more rigid material}

F16F 1/393 ・・・with spherical or conical sleeves

F16F 1/3935 ・・・・{Conical sleeves}

F16F 1/40 ・・consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers {(F16F 9/306 takes precedence; laminated constructions to protect buildings against abnormal external influences, e.g. earthquakes, E04H 9/022)}

F16F 1/403 ・・・{characterised by the shape of the non-elastic interengaging parts between the elements}

F16F 1/406 ・・・{characterised by the shape of the elastic elements}

F16F 1/41 ・・・the spring consisting of generally conically arranged elements {(if sleeve-like, i.e. a surface of revolution F16F 1/3935)}

F16F 1/42 ・・characterised by the mode of stressing

F16F 1/422 ・・・{the stressing resulting in flexion of the spring}

F16F 1/424 ・・・・{of membrane-type springs}

F16F 1/426 ・・・・{Radial flexion of ring-type springs}

F16F 1/428 ・・・・{of strip- or leg-type springs}

F16F 1/44 ・・・loaded mainly in compression

F16F 1/445 ・・・・{the spring material being contained in a generally closed space (F16F 1/393 takes precedence)}

F16F 1/46 ・・・loaded mainly in tension

F16F 1/48 ・・・loaded mainly in torsion

F16F 1/50 ・・・loaded mainly in shear

F16F 1/505 ・・・・{Rotational shear}

F16F 1/52 ・・・loaded in combined stresses

F16F 1/54 ・・・・loaded in compression and shear

F16F 1/545 ・・・・・{Neidhart-type rubber springs (vehicle suspensions having Neidhart-type rubber springs B60G 11/225)}

F16F 3/00 Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic ({F16F 1/32 , F16F 1/34 , F16F 7/14 take precedence}; if including fluid springs F16F 5/00 , F16F 13/00)

F16F 3/02 ・with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction

F16F 3/023 ・・{composed only of leaf springs}

F16F 3/026 ・・{to give a zero-spring rate characteristic}

F16F 3/04 ・・composed only of wound springs

F16F 3/06 ・・・of which some are placed around other in such a way that they damp each other by mutual friction

F16F 3/08 ・with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber {(multi-part grommet-type resilient mountings F16F 1/3735)}

F16F 3/087 ・・Units comprising several springs made of plastics or the like material (F16F 1/40, {F16F 1/545} take precedence)

F16F 3/0873 ・・・{of the same material or the material not being specified}

F16F 3/0876 ・・・・{and of the same shape}

F16F 3/093 ・・・the springs being of different materials, e.g. having different types of rubber {(F16F 1/3835 takes precedence)}

F16F 3/0935 ・・・・{and being of the same shape}

F16F 3/10 ・・combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction

F16F 3/12 ・・・the steel spring being in contact with the rubber spring {(F16F 1/12 takes precedence)}

F16F 5/00 Liquid springs in which the liquid works as a spring by compression, e.g. combined with throttling action; Combinations of devices including liquid springs {(dampers with solid or semi-solid material F16F 9/30)}

F16F 6/00 Magnetic springs; {(magnetic spring arrangements for the suppression of vibration in systems F16F 15/03)}; Fluid magnetic springs, {i.e. magnetic spring combined with a fluid}

F16F 6/005 ・{using permanent magnets only}

F16F 7/00 Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers (using fluid F16F 5/00, F16F 9/00; specific for rotary systems F16F 15/10; {belt tensioners F16H 7/12})

F16F 7/003 ・{One-shot shock absorbers (using plastic deformation of members, e.g. using sacrificial, fibre-reinforced composite members F16F 7/12)}

F16F 7/006 ・・{using textile means (safety belts or body harnesses incorporating energy absorbing means A62B 35/04)}

F16F 7/01 ・using friction between loose particles, e.g. sand

F16F 7/015 ・・{the particles being spherical, cylindrical or the like}

F16F 7/02 ・with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together (F16F 7/01 takes precedence; one of the members being a spring F16F 13/02; {friction devices between relatively-movable parts of a hinge E05D 11/08; braking devices for wings E05F 5/00})

F16F 7/023 ・・{and characterised by damping force adjustment means}

F16F 7/026 ・・・{resulting in the damping effects being different according to direction of rotation}

F16F 7/04 ・・in the direction of the axis of rotation {(F16F 7/023 takes precedence)}

F16F 7/06 ・・in a direction perpendicular or inclined to the axis of rotation {(F16F 7/023 takes precedence)}

F16F 7/065 ・・・{where elements interengaging frictionally are in the shape of spiral bands}

F16F 7/08 ・with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other (F16F 7/01 takes precedence; {one of the members being a spring F16F 13/02})

F16F 7/082 ・・{and characterised by damping force adjustment means}

F16F 7/085 ・・・{resulting in the damping effects being different according to direction of movement}

F16F 7/087 ・・{Elastomeric surface effect dampers}

F16F 7/09 ・・in dampers of the cylinder-and-piston type

F16F 7/095 ・・・{frictional elements brought into engagement by movement along a surface oblique to the axis of the cylinder, e.g. interaction of wedge-shaped elements}

F16F 7/10 ・using inertia effect (F16F 13/108, F16F 13/22, F16F 15/10, F16F 15/22 take precedence; stabilising vehicle bodies by means of movable masses B62D 37/04; protection of buildings against vibrations or shocks by mass dampers E04B 1/985; arrangements or devices for damping mechanical oscillations of power lines H02G 7/14)

F16F 7/1005 ・・{characterised by active control of the mass}

F16F 7/1011 ・・・{by electromagnetic means}

F16F 7/1017 ・・・{by fluid means}

F16F 7/1022 ・・{the linear oscillation movement being converted into a rotational movement of the inertia member, e.g. using a pivoted mass}

F16F 7/1028 ・・{the inertia-producing means being a constituent part of the system which is to be damped}

F16F 7/1034 ・・{of movement of a liquid}

F16F 7/104 ・・the inertia member being resiliently mounted {(F16F 7/1022 takes precedence)}

F16F 7/108 ・・・on plastics springs

F16F 7/112 ・・・on fluid springs

F16F 7/116 ・・・on metal springs

F16F 7/12 ・using plastic deformation of members {(F16F 9/30 takes precedence; yieldable means for mounting bumpers on vehicles B60R 19/26; yieldable or collapsible steering columns B62D 1/192)}

F16F 7/121 ・・{the members having a cellular, e.g. honeycomb, structure}

F16F 7/122 ・・・{characterised by corrugations, e.g. of rolled corrugated material}

F16F 7/123 ・・{Deformation involving a bending action, e.g. strap moving through multiple rollers, folding of members (F16F 7/125, F16F 7/128 take precedence)}

F16F 7/124 ・・{characterised by their special construction from fibre-reinforced plastics}

F16F 7/125 ・・{Units with a telescopic-like action as one member moves into, or out of a second member (F16F 7/124, F16F 7/127, F16F 7/128 take precedence)}

F16F 7/126 ・・・{against the action of shear pins; one member having protuberances, e.g. dimples, ball bearings which cause the other member to deform}

F16F 7/127 ・・{by a blade element cutting or tearing into a quantity of material; Pultrusion of a filling material}

F16F 7/128 ・・{characterised by the members, e.g. a flat strap, yielding through stretching, pulling apart}

F16F 7/14 ・of cable support type, i.e. frictionally-engaged loop-forming cables

F16F 9/00 Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium (F16F 5/00 takes precedence; connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies B60C 29/00; {braking devices, stops or buffers for wing-operating appliances E05F 3/00, E05F 5/00})

F16F 9/003 ・{Dampers characterised by having pressure absorbing means other than gas, e.g. sponge rubber}

F16F 9/006 ・{characterised by the nature of the damping medium, e.g. biodegradable (variable viscosity damping adjustment F16F 9/53)}

F16F 9/02 ・using gas only {or vacuum (F16F 9/006 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/0209 ・・{Telescopic (F16F 9/04 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/0218 ・・・{Mono-tubular units (F16F 9/0227, F16F 9/0236, F16F 9/0245 take precedence)}

F16F 9/0227 ・・・{characterised by the piston construction}

F16F 9/0236 ・・・{characterised by having a hollow piston rod}

F16F 9/0245 ・・・{Means for adjusting the length of, or for locking, the spring or dampers}

F16F 9/0254 ・・・・{mechanically lockable, e.g. by use of friction collar (mechanical locking of extensible devices for holding wings E05C 17/30)}

F16F 9/0263 ・・・・{characterised by actuation means, e.g. manually-operated lever arrangement (F16F 9/0254 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/0272 ・・・・{with control rod extending through the piston rod into the piston}

F16F 9/0281 ・・・{Details}

F16F 9/029 ・・・・{electrical, e.g. connections or contacts}

F16F 9/04 ・・in a chamber with a flexible wall {(producing hollow articles of plastics, e.g. air bellows, B29D 22/00)}

F16F 9/0409 ・・・{characterised by the wall structure}

F16F 9/0418 ・・・{having a particular shape, e.g. annular, spherical, tube-like (F16F 9/05 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/0427 ・・・・{toroidal}

F16F 9/0436 ・・・{characterised by being contained in a generally closed space}

F16F 9/0445 ・・・{characterised by intermediate rings or other not embedded reinforcing elements (wall structure F16F 9/0409)}

F16F 9/0454 ・・・{characterised by the assembling method or by the mounting arrangement, e.g. mounting of the membrane (F16F 9/0409, F16F 9/0445 take precedence)}

F16F 9/0463 ・・・・{with separate crimping rings}

F16F 9/0472 ・・・{characterised by comprising a damping device (with plastic deformation of members F16F 7/12; delay devices or arrangements F15B 21/10)}

F16F 9/0481 ・・・・{provided in an opening to the exterior atmosphere}

F16F 9/049 ・・・{multi-chamber units (F16F 9/0472, F16F 9/05 take precedence)}

F16F 9/05 ・・・the flexible wall being of the rolling diaphragm type

F16F 9/052 ・・・・{characterised by the bumper}

F16F 9/055 ・・・・{having a double diaphragm construction}

F16F 9/057 ・・・・{characterised by the piston}

F16F 9/06 ・using both gas and liquid {(F16F 9/486 take precedence; self-pumping fluid springs B60G 17/044)}

F16F 9/061 ・・{Mono-tubular units}

F16F 9/062 ・・{Bi-tubular units}

F16F 9/063 ・・{comprising a hollow piston rod}

F16F 9/064 ・・{Units characterised by the location or shape of the expansion chamber (F16F 9/068, F16F 9/08 take precedence)}

F16F 9/065 ・・・{Expansion chamber provided on the upper or lower end of a damper, separately there from or laterally on the damper}

F16F 9/066 ・・{Units characterised by the partition, baffle or like element (F16F 9/068, F16F 9/08 take precedence)}

F16F 9/067 ・・・{Partitions of the piston type, e.g. sliding pistons}

F16F 9/068 ・・{where the throttling of a gas flow provides damping action}

F16F 9/08 ・・{where gas is} in a chamber with a flexible wall {(pressurised fluid system accumulators per se F15B 1/04)}

F16F 9/081 ・・・{being of the fluid displacement type, i.e. the piston not comprising damping arrangements (F16F 9/096 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/082 ・・・{characterised by the hydropneumatic accumulator}

F16F 9/084 ・・・comprising a gas spring contained within a flexible wall, the wall not being in contact with the damping fluid, i.e. mounted externally on the damper cylinder

F16F 9/088 ・・・comprising a gas spring with a flexible wall provided within the cylinder on the piston rod of a monotubular damper or within the inner tube of a bitubular damper

F16F 9/092 ・・・comprising a gas spring with a flexible wall provided between the tubes of a bitubular damper

F16F 9/096 ・・・comprising a hydropneumatic accumulator of the membrane type provided on the upper or the lower end of a damper or separately from or laterally on the damper {(F16F 9/088 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/10 ・using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial

F16F 9/103 ・・{Devices with one or more members moving linearly to and fro in chambers, any throttling effect being immaterial, i.e. damping by viscous shear effect only (F16F 9/53 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/106 ・・{Squeeze-tube devices}

F16F 9/12 ・・Devices with one or more rotary vanes turning in the fluid any throttling effect being immaterial, {i.e. damping by viscous shear effect only ({F16F 9/53 takes precedence}; pivoting supports for apparatus or articles placed on stands or trestles F16M 11/06)}

F16F 9/125 ・・・{characterised by adjustment means}

F16F 9/14 ・・Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect

F16F 9/145 ・・・{involving only rotary movement of the effective parts (wing closers or openers with fluid brakes of the rotary type E05F 3/14)}

F16F 9/16 ・・・involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts {(wing closers or openers with liquid piston brakes E05F 3/04)}

F16F 9/165 ・・・・{with two or more cylinders in line, i.e. in series connection (F16F 9/26 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/18 ・・・・with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein

F16F 9/182 ・・・・・{comprising a hollow piston rod}

F16F 9/185 ・・・・・{Bitubular units (where compression of gas leads to a clear spring action F16F 9/062)}

F16F 9/187 ・・・・・・{with uni-directional flow of damping fluid through the valves}

F16F 9/19 ・・・・・with a single cylinder {and of single-tube type}

F16F 9/20 ・・・・・with the piston-rod extending through both ends of the cylinder, {e.g. constant-volume dampers}

F16F 9/22 ・・・・with one or more cylinders each having a single working space closed by a piston or plunger

F16F 9/26 ・・・・・with two cylinders in line and with the two pistons or plungers connected together

F16F 9/28 ・・・・・with two parallel cylinders and with the two pistons or plungers connected together

F16F 9/285 ・・・・・・{by a rocker arm}

F16F 9/30 ・with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium {(in devices where rotary elements are damped by viscous shear effect only, any throttling effect being immaterial F16F 9/12; where members moving with a rotating system are being damped F16F 15/16)}

F16F 9/303 ・・{the damper being of the telescopic type}

F16F 9/306 ・・{of the constrained layer type, i.e. comprising one or more constrained viscoelastic layers}

F16F 9/32 ・Details

F16F 9/3207 ・・{Constructional features (F16F 9/34 to F16F 9/50 take precedence; assembly or repair F16F 9/3271)}

F16F 9/3214 ・・・{of pistons (F16F 9/0227 and F16F 9/36 take precedence; throttling passages in or on piston body F16F 9/3405)}

F16F 9/3221 ・・・{of piston rods}

F16F 9/3228 ・・・{of connections between pistons and piston rods}

F16F 9/3235 ・・・{of cylinders (F16F 9/483 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/3242 ・・・・{of cylinder ends, e.g. caps}

F16F 9/325 ・・・・{for attachment of valve units}

F16F 9/3257 ・・・・{in twin-tube type devices}

F16F 9/3264 ・・{Arrangements for indicating, e.g. fluid level; Arrangements for checking dampers (F16F 9/3292 takes precedence; testing of vehicle damping G01M 17/04)}

F16F 9/3271 ・・{Assembly or repair}

F16F 9/3278 ・・{for lubrication (lubricating per se F16N)}

F16F 9/3285 ・・{for filtering (filters per se B01D)}

F16F 9/3292 ・・{Sensor arrangements}

F16F 9/34 ・・Special valve constructions ({F16F 9/44, F16F 9/50 take precedence; filtering details F16F 9/3285}; valves in general F16K); Shape or construction of throttling passages

F16F 9/3405 ・・・{Throttling passages in or on piston body, e.g. slots (F16F 9/344, F16F 9/3481 take precedence)}

F16F 9/341 ・・・{comprising noise-reducing or like features, e.g. screens (F16F 9/3415 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/3415 ・・・{characterised by comprising plastics, elastomeric or porous elements}

F16F 9/342 ・・・Throttling passages operating with metering pins {(F16F 9/486 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/344 ・・・Vortex flow passages

F16F 9/346 ・・・Throttling passages in the form of slots arranged in cylinder walls

F16F 9/3465 ・・・・{Slots having a variable section along their length}

F16F 9/348 ・・・Throttling passages in the form of annular discs {or other plate-like elements which may or may not have a spring action}, operating in opposite directions {or singly, e.g. annular discs positioned on top of the valve or piston body (F16F 9/341, F16F 9/3415 take precedence)}

F16F 9/3481 ・・・・{characterised by shape or construction of throttling passages in piston (F16F 9/344 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/3482 ・・・・{the annular discs being incorporated within the valve or piston body (F16F 9/3484, F16F 9/3485 take precedence)}

F16F 9/3484 ・・・・{characterised by features of the annular discs per se, singularly or in combination}

F16F 9/3485 ・・・・{characterised by features of supporting elements intended to guide or limit the movement of the annular discs (F16F 9/3488 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/3487 ・・・・・{with spacers or spacing rings}

F16F 9/3488 ・・・・{characterised by features intended to affect valve bias or pre-stress}

F16F 9/36 ・・Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods ({F16F 9/325, F16F 9/3485 take precedence; arrangements for filling via piston rod sealing or guiding means F16F 9/432}; sealing of moving parts in general F16J 15/16 to F16J 15/56)

F16F 9/361 ・・・{Sealings of the bellows-type}

F16F 9/362 ・・・{Combination of sealing and guide arrangements for piston rods (F16F 9/361, F16F 9/365 take precedence)}

F16F 9/363 ・・・・{the guide being mounted between the piston and the sealing, enabling lubrication of the guide}

F16F 9/364 ・・・・{of multi-tube dampers}

F16F 9/365 ・・・{the sealing arrangement having a pressurised chamber separated from the damping medium}

F16F 9/366 ・・・{functioning as guide only, e.g. bushings}

F16F 9/367 ・・・・{allowing misalignment of the piston rod}

F16F 9/368 ・・・{Sealings in pistons}

F16F 9/369 ・・・{Sealings for elements other than pistons or piston rods, e.g. valves}

F16F 9/38 ・・Covers for protection or appearance

F16F 9/42 ・・Cooling arrangements

F16F 9/43 ・・Filling {or drainage} arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas {(filling vessels with, or discharging from vessels, compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases F17C)}

F16F 9/432 ・・・{via piston rod sealing or guiding means}

F16F 9/435 ・・・{via opening in cylinder wall (F16F 9/432 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/437 ・・・{Drainage arrangements}

F16F 9/44 ・・Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; Such means combined with temperature correction (F16F 9/53, {F16F 13/26} take precedence; temperature correction only F16F 9/52)

F16F 9/443 ・・・{manually adjusted while the damper is fully retracted or extended in a non-operational mode by rotating mechanical means that have engaged between the piston and one end of the cylinder}

F16F 9/446 ・・・{Adjustment of valve bias or pre-stress (F16F 9/443 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/46 ・・・allowing control from a distance, {i.e. location of means for control input being remote from site of valves, e.g. on damper external wall (attachment of valve units to cylinders F16F 9/325)}

F16F 9/461 ・・・・{characterised by actuation means}

F16F 9/462 ・・・・・{Rotary actuation means}

F16F 9/463 ・・・・{characterised by electrical connections}

F16F 9/464 ・・・・{Control of valve bias or pre-stress, e.g. electromagnetically (F16F 9/465 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/465 ・・・・{using servo control, the servo pressure being created by the flow of damping fluid, e.g. controlling pressure in a chamber downstream of a pilot passage (self-adjustment of damping F16F 9/50)}

F16F 9/466 ・・・・{Throttling control, i.e. regulation of flow passage geometry (F16F 9/464, F16F 9/465 take precedence)}

F16F 9/467 ・・・・・{using rotary valves}

F16F 9/468 ・・・・・・{controlling at least one bypass to main flow path}

F16F 9/469 ・・・・・{Valves incorporated in the piston (F16F 9/467 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/48 ・・Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke ({F16F 9/346, F16F 9/516}, F16F 9/53 take precedence)

F16F 9/483 ・・・{characterised by giving a particular shape to the cylinder, e.g. conical}

F16F 9/486 ・・・{comprising a pin or stem co-operating with an aperture, e.g. a cylinder-mounted stem co-operating with a hollow piston rod}

F16F 9/49 ・・・Stops limiting fluid passage, e.g. hydraulic stops {or elastomeric elements inside the cylinder which contribute to changes in fluid damping (fluid-actuated displacement devices with means for accelerating or decelerating the stroke F15B 15/22)}

F16F 9/50 ・・Special means providing automatic damping adjustment, {i.e. self-adjustment of damping by particular sliding movements of a valve element, other than flexions or displacement of valve discs}(F16F 9/53 takes precedence); {Special means providing self-adjustment of spring characteristics}

F16F 9/504 ・・・Inertia, {i.e. acceleration,} -sensitive means

F16F 9/512 ・・・Means responsive to load action, {i.e. static load} on the damper or {dynamic} fluid pressure {changes} in the damper, {e.g. due to changes in velocity (F16F 9/504, F16F 9/516 take precedence; non-automatic damper adjustment from a distance using servo control, the servo pressure being created by the flow of damping fluid F16F 9/465; self-pumping fluid springs in vehicle suspensions B60G 17/044)}

F16F 9/5123 ・・・・{responsive to the static or steady-state load on the damper}

F16F 9/5126 ・・・・{Piston, or piston-like valve elements (F16F 9/504 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/516 ・・・resulting in the damping effects during contraction being different from the damping effects during extension, {i.e. responsive to the direction of movement (F16F 9/504 takes precedence)}

F16F 9/5165 ・・・・{by use of spherical valve elements or like free-moving bodies}

F16F 9/52 ・・・in case of change of temperature ({F16F 9/003 takes precedence;} combined with external adjustment F16F 9/44)

F16F 9/523 ・・・・{with coil or spiral of bimetallic elements being used to change flow cross-section}

F16F 9/526 ・・・・{Self-adjustment of fluid springs}

F16F 9/53 ・・Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically {(F16F 13/30 takes precedence; brakes comprising a medium with electrically or magnetically controlled friction F16D 63/00B4; electrorheological fluids per se C10M 171/001; magnetorheological fluids per se H01F 1/447)}

F16F 9/532 ・・・{Electrorheological (ER) fluid dampers}

F16F 9/535 ・・・{Magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers (springs comprising magnetorheological (MR) elastomers F16F 1/361)}

F16F 9/537 ・・・・{specially adapted valves therefor}

F16F 9/54 ・・Arrangements for attachment {(grommet-type rubber mounting springs per se F16F 1/3732; construction of cylinder ends F16F 9/3242; attachments to vehicles B60G 13/001, B60G 15/00)}

F16F 9/56 ・・Means for adjusting the length of, or for locking, the spring or damper, e.g. at the end of the stroke {(F16F 9/50 takes precedence; for telescopic gas springs or dampers F16F 9/0245; vehicle suspension locking arrangements B60G 17/005)}

F16F 9/58 ・・Stroke limiting stops, e.g. arranged on the piston rod outside the cylinder (F16F 9/49 takes precedence)

F16F 9/585 ・・・{within the cylinder, in contact with working fluid}

F16F 13/00 Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs (F16F 5/00, {F16F 6/00, F16F 9/003} take precedence)

F16F 13/002 ・{comprising at least one fluid spring (F16F 13/005, F16F 13/02, F16F 13/04 take precedence)}

F16F 13/005 ・{comprising both a wound spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper}

F16F 13/007 ・・{the damper being a fluid damper}

F16F 13/02 ・damping by frictional contact between the spring and braking means (frictionally coacting wound springs F16F 3/06)

F16F 13/04 ・comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper

F16F 13/06 ・・the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper (F16F 13/26 takes precedence)

F16F 13/08 ・・・the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper (F16F 13/20 to F16F 13/24 take precedence)

F16F 13/085 ・・・・{characterised by features of plastics springs; Attachment arrangements}

F16F 13/10 ・・・・the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like (F16F 13/14 to F16F 13/18 take precedence)

F16F 13/101 ・・・・・{characterised by buffering features or stoppers}

F16F 13/102 ・・・・・{characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means}

F16F 13/103 ・・・・・{characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment}

F16F 13/105 ・・・・・{characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers}

F16F 13/106 ・・・・・・{Design of constituent elastomeric parts, e.g. decoupling valve elements, or of immediate abutments therefor, e.g. cages}

F16F 13/107 ・・・・・・{Passage design between working chambers}

F16F 13/108 ・・・・・{characterised by features of plastics springs, e.g. attachment arrangements (F16F 13/18 takes precedence)}

F16F 13/14 ・・・・Units of the bushing type, {i.e. loaded predominantly radially (bushes F16F 1/38; mounting brackets therefor F16F 1/3849)}

F16F 13/1409 ・・・・・{characterised by buffering features or stoppers}

F16F 13/1418 ・・・・・{characterised by the location or shape of the equilibration chamber}

F16F 13/1427 ・・・・・{characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means}

F16F 13/1436 ・・・・・{with free- or virtually free-floating members}

F16F 13/1445 ・・・・・{characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment}

F16F 13/1454 ・・・・・・{Sealing of units}

F16F 13/1463 ・・・・・{characterised by features of passages between working chambers}

F16F 13/1472 ・・・・・・{Valve elements to cope with over-pressure, e.g. lips}

F16F 13/1481 ・・・・・{characterised by features of plastic springs, e.g. presence of cavities or stiffeners; characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers, i.e. membranes}

F16F 13/149 ・・・・・{Multiple bushings connected together; Restraining links}

F16F 13/16 ・・・・・specially adapted for receiving axial loads {(F16F 13/1436 takes precedence)}

F16F 13/18 ・・・・characterised by the location or the shape of the equilibration chamber, e.g. the equilibration chamber, surrounding the plastics spring or being annular (F16F 13/1418 takes precedence)

F16F 13/20 ・・・characterised by comprising also a pneumatic spring (F16F 13/22, {F16F 13/26} take precedence)

F16F 13/22 ・・・characterised by comprising also a dynamic damper; dampers using inertia effect per se F16F 7/10

F16F 13/24 ・・・the central part of the unit being supported by one element and both extremities of the unit being supported by a single other element, i.e. double acting mounting

F16F 13/26 ・・characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions {(F16F 13/101 takes precedence)}

F16F 13/262 ・・・{changing geometry of passages between working and equilibration chambers, e.g. cross-sectional area or length (F16F 13/28 takes precedence)}

F16F 13/264 ・・・{comprising means for acting dynamically on the walls bounding a working chamber}

F16F 13/266 ・・・{comprising means for acting dynamically on the walls bounding a passage between working and equilibration chambers}

F16F 13/268 ・・・{comprising means for acting dynamically on the walls bounding an equilibration chamber(F16F 13/264 take precedence)}

F16F 13/28 ・・・specially adapted for units of the bushing type (F16F 13/30 takes precedence)

F16F 13/30 ・・・comprising means for varying fluid viscosity, e.g. of magnetic or electrorheological fluids

F16F 13/305 ・・・・{magnetorheological}

F16F 15/00 Suppression of vibrations in systems ({damping of non-rotary systems using inertia effect F16F 7/10; prevention or isolation of vibrations in machine tools B23Q 11/0032; suppression of driveline vibrations in hybrid vehicle transmissions B60K 6/04B}; vehicle seat suspension devices B60N 2/50; {methods or devices for protecting against, or damping of, acoustic waves, e.g. sound G10K 11/16}); Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion ({vibration absorbing or balancing means for aircraft propellers B64C 11/008, for rotorcraft rotors B64C 27/001}; testing static and dynamic balance of machines or structures G01M 1/00)

F16F 15/002 ・{characterised by the control method or circuitry (control of mechanical oscillations per se G05D 19/00)}

F16F 15/005 ・{using electro- or magnetostrictive actuation means (generating of mechanical vibrations operating with electrostriction B06B 1/06, with magnetostriction B06B 1/08; vehicle suspension arrangements characterised by use of piezo-electric elements B60G 17/015P; piezo-electric, electrostrictive and magnetostrictive devices per se H01L 41/00)}

F16F 15/007 ・・{Piezo-electric elements being placed under pre-constraint, e.g. placed under compression}

F16F 15/02 ・Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems ({F16F 15/005 takes precedence}; layered products B32B; suppression of vibration in ships B63; {relieving load on bearings, using magnetic means F16C 39/06})

F16F 15/021 ・・{Decoupling of vibrations by means of point-of-contact supports, e.g. ball bearings}

F16F 15/022 ・・{using dampers and springs in combination}

F16F 15/023 ・・using fluid means

F16F 15/0232 ・・・{with at least one gas spring (F16F 15/027 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/0235 ・・・{where a rotating member is in contact with fluid (rotary viscous dampers per se F16F 9/12; suppression of vibrations in rotating systems containing a fluid F16F 15/16)}

F16F 15/0237 ・・・{involving squeeze-film damping}

F16F 15/027 ・・・comprising control arrangements {(F16F 15/0237 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/0275 ・・・・{Control of stiffness}

F16F 15/03 ・・using {magnetic or} electromagnetic means (F16F 9/53, {F16F 15/005} take precedence)

F16F 15/035 ・・・{by use of eddy or induced-current damping (dynamo-electric brakes of the eddy-current type H02K 49/04B)}

F16F 15/04 ・・using elastic means (single elements or their attachment F16F 1/00 to F16F 13/00); {(F16F 15/023, F16F 15/03 take precedence)}

F16F 15/043 ・・・{acting on a cam follower}

F16F 15/046 ・・・{using combinations of springs of different kinds (F16F 15/085 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/06 ・・・with metal springs (with rubber springs also F16F 15/08)

F16F 15/063 ・・・・{with bars or tubes used as torsional elements}

F16F 15/067 ・・・・using only wound springs

F16F 15/073 ・・・・using only leaf springs

F16F 15/08 ・・・with rubber springs {(grommet- or bushing-type resilient mountings F16F 1/3732, F16F 1/38); with springs made of rubber and metal (arrangement of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units B60K 5/12; mounting of propulsion plants on vessels B63H 21/30; mounting of vehicle drivers` cabs B62D 33/0604)}

F16F 15/085 ・・・・{Use of both rubber and metal springs}

F16F 15/10 ・Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system (by balancing F16F 15/22; {yielding couplings F16D 3/00}; with flywheels acting variably or intermittently F16H; {construction providing resilience or vibration-damping for gear elements F16H 55/14})

F16F 15/12 ・・using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon ({F16F 15/14}, F16F 15/16 take precedence)

F16F 15/1201 ・・・{for damping of axial or radial, i.e. non-torsional vibrations (F16F 15/13107 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1202 ・・・{the damping action being at least partially controlled by centrifugal masses (F16F 15/13128 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1203 ・・・{characterised by manufacturing, e.g. assembling or testing procedures for the damper units (F16F 15/13142 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1204 ・・・{with a kinematic mechanism or gear system (F16F 15/12L, F16F 15/13157 take precedence)}

F16F 15/1205 ・・・・{with a kinematic mechanism, i.e. linkages, levers}

F16F 15/1206 ・・・・{with a planetary gear system}

F16F 15/1207 ・・・{characterised by the supporting arrangement of the damper unit (F16F 15/1238, F16F 15/13164 take precedence)}

F16F 15/1208 ・・・・{Bearing arrangements}

F16F 15/1209 ・・・・・{comprising sliding bearings}

F16F 15/121 ・・・using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs {(F16F 15/133 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1211 ・・・・{C-shaped springs}

F16F 15/1212 ・・・・・{disposed around axis of rotation}

F16F 15/1213 ・・・・{Spiral springs, e.g. lying in one plane, around axis of rotation}

F16F 15/1214 ・・・・{Folded springs, i.e. made of band-like material folded in an enclosing space}

F16F 15/1215 ・・・・{Leaf springs, e.g. radially extending}

F16F 15/1216 ・・・・{Torsional springs, e.g. torsion bar or torsionally-loaded coil springs}

F16F 15/1217 ・・・・{Motion-limiting means, e.g. means for locking the spring unit in pre-defined positions (F16F 15/1202, F16F 15/1338 take precedence)}

F16F 15/1218 ・・・・・{by means of spring-loaded radially arranged locking means}

F16F 15/1219 ・・・・・{by means of spring-loaded axially arranged locking means}

F16F 15/123 ・・・・Wound springs {(F16F 15/1213, F16F 15/1216, F16F 15/127 take precedence)}

F16F 15/12306 ・・・・・{Radially mounted springs}

F16F 15/12313 ・・・・・{characterised by the dimension or shape of spring-containing windows}

F16F 15/1232 ・・・・・{characterised by the spring mounting (F16F 15/12306, F16F 15/12313 take precedence)}

F16F 15/12326 ・・・・・・{End-caps for springs}

F16F 15/12333 ・・・・・・・{having internal abutment means}

F16F 15/1234 ・・・・・・{Additional guiding means for springs, e.g. for support along the body of springs that extend circumferentially over a significant length}

F16F 15/12346 ・・・・・・{Set of springs, e.g. springs within springs}

F16F 15/12353 ・・・・・{Combinations of dampers, e.g. with multiple plates, multiple spring sets, i.e. complex configurations}

F16F 15/1236 ・・・・・・{resulting in a staged spring characteristic, e.g. with multiple intermediate plates}

F16F 15/12366 ・・・・・・・{acting on multiple sets of springs}

F16F 15/12373 ・・・・・・・・{the sets of springs being arranged at substantially the same radius}

F16F 15/1238 ・・・・・{with pre-damper, i.e. additional set of springs between flange of main damper and hub}

F16F 15/12386 ・・・・・・{Pre-damper cage construction}

F16F 15/12393 ・・・・・・{pre-damper springs are of non-wound type, e.g. leaf springs}

F16F 15/124 ・・・・Elastomeric springs (F16F 15/123, {F16F 15/127} take precedence)

F16F 15/1245 ・・・・・{Elastic elements arranged between substantially-radial walls of two parts rotatable with respect to each other, e.g. between engaging teeth}

F16F 15/126 ・・・・・consisting of at least one annular element surrounding the axis of rotation

F16F 15/127 ・・・・using plastics springs combined with other types of springs

F16F 15/129 ・・・characterised by friction-damping means ({F16F 15/1202, F16F 15/1238}, F16F 15/131 take precedence)

F16F 15/1292 ・・・・{characterised by arrangements for axially clamping or positioning or otherwise influencing the frictional plates}

F16F 15/1295 ・・・・{characterised by means for interconnecting driven plates and retainer, cover plates}

F16F 15/1297 ・・・・{Overload protection, i.e. means for limiting torque}

F16F 15/131 ・・・the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses

F16F 15/13107 ・・・・{for damping of axial or radial, i.e. non-torsional vibrations}

F16F 15/13114 ・・・・{characterised by modifications for auxiliary purposes, e.g. provision of a timing mark}

F16F 15/13121 ・・・・{characterised by clutch arrangements, e.g. for activation; integrated with clutch members, e.g. pressure member}

F16F 15/13128 ・・・・{the damping action being at least partially controlled by centrifugal masses (flywheels characterised by means to vary the moment of inertia F16F 15/31)}

F16F 15/13135 ・・・・・{simple connection or disconnection of members at speed}

F16F 15/13142 ・・・・{characterised by the method of assembly, production or treatment (F16F 15/13114 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1315 ・・・・・{Multi-part primary or secondary masses, e.g. assembled from pieces of sheet steel}

F16F 15/13157 ・・・・{with a kinematic mechanism or gear system, e.g. planetary (F16F 15/13128 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/13164 ・・・・{characterised by the supporting arrangement of the damper unit}

F16F 15/13171 ・・・・・{Bearing arrangements (F16F 15/13192 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/13178 ・・・・・・{comprising slide bearings}

F16F 15/13185 ・・・・・{Bolting arrangements (F16F 15/13171 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/13192 ・・・・・{Thermal shielding}

F16F 15/133 ・・・・using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs

F16F 15/1331 ・・・・・{C-shaped springs}

F16F 15/1332 ・・・・・・{disposed around axis of rotation}

F16F 15/1333 ・・・・・{Spiral springs, e.g. lying in one plane, around axis of rotation}

F16F 15/1335 ・・・・・{Folded springs, i.e. made of band-like material folded in an enclosing space}

F16F 15/1336 ・・・・・{Leaf springs, e.g. radially extending}

F16F 15/1337 ・・・・・{Torsional springs, e.g. torsion bar or torsionally-loaded coil springs}

F16F 15/1338 ・・・・・{Motion-limiting means, e.g. means for locking the spring unit in pre-defined positions (F16F 15/13128 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/134 ・・・・・Wound springs {(F16F 15/1333, F16F 15/1337, F16F 15/137 take precedence)}

F16F 15/13407 ・・・・・・{Radially mounted springs}

F16F 15/13415 ・・・・・・{characterised by the dimension or shape of spring-containing windows}

F16F 15/13423 ・・・・・・・{Disposition of material for damping or avoiding wear}

F16F 15/1343 ・・・・・・{characterised by the spring mounting (F16F 15/13407, F16F 15/13415 take precedence)}

F16F 15/13438 ・・・・・・・{End-caps for springs}

F16F 15/13446 ・・・・・・・・{having internal abutment means}

F16F 15/13453 ・・・・・・・{Additional guiding means for springs}

F16F 15/13461 ・・・・・・・{Set of springs, e.g. springs within springs}

F16F 15/13469 ・・・・・・{Combinations of dampers, e.g. with multiple plates, multiple spring sets, i.e. complex configurations}

F16F 15/13476 ・・・・・・・{resulting in a staged spring characteristic, e.g. with multiple intermediate plates}

F16F 15/13484 ・・・・・・・・{acting on multiple sets of springs}

F16F 15/13492 ・・・・・・・・・{the sets of springs being arranged at substantially the same radius}

F16F 15/136 ・・・・・Plastics springs, e.g. made of rubber (F16F 15/134, {F16F 15/137} take precedence)

F16F 15/137 ・・・・・the elastic members consisting of two or more springs of different kinds, {e.g. elastomeric members and wound springs}

F16F 15/139 ・・・・characterised by friction-damping means {(F16F 15/13128 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1392 ・・・・・characterised by arrangements for axially clamping or positioning or otherwise influencing the frictional plates]

F16F 15/1395 ・・・・・{characterised by main friction means acting radially outside the circumferential lines of action of the elastic members}

F16F 15/1397 ・・・・・{Overload protection, i.e. means for limiting torque}

F16F 15/14 ・・using masses freely rotating with the system, {i.e.uninvolved in transmitting driveline torque, e.g. rotative dynamic dampers (compensation of inertia forces F16F 15/22; weights for balancing rotating bodies F16F 15/32)}

F16F 15/1407 ・・・{the rotation being limited with respect to the driving means}

F16F 15/1414 ・・・・{Masses driven by elastic elements (F16F 15/145, F16F 15/1464 take precedence)}

F16F 15/1421 ・・・・・{Metallic springs, e.g. coil or spiral springs}

F16F 15/1428 ・・・・・・{with a single mass}

F16F 15/1435 ・・・・・{Elastomeric springs, i.e. made of plastic or rubber}

F16F 15/1442 ・・・・・・{with a single mass}

F16F 15/145 ・・・・{Masses mounted with play with respect to driving means thus enabling free movement over a limited range}

F16F 15/1457 ・・・・・{Systems with a single mass}

F16F 15/1464 ・・・・{Masses connected to driveline by a kinematic mechanism or gear system (F16F 15/145 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/1471 ・・・・・{with a kinematic mechanism, i.e. linkages, levers}

F16F 15/1478 ・・・・・{with a planetary gear system}

F16F 15/1485 ・・・{the rotation being unlimited with respect to driving means (with a fluid connection between inertia member and rotating driving means F16F 15/167)}

F16F 15/1492 ・・・・{with a dry-friction connection}

F16F 15/16 ・・using a fluid {or pasty material}(F16F 9/53, F16F 15/13157 take precedence; devices connecting input and output members F16D)

F16F 15/161 ・・・{characterised by the fluid damping devices, e.g. passages, orifices (F16F 15/162 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/162 ・・・{with forced fluid circulation}

F16F 15/163 ・・・{fluid acting as a lubricant}

F16F 15/164 ・・・{characterised by manufacturing, e.g. assembling or testing procedures}

F16F 15/165 ・・・{Sealing arrangements}

F16F 15/167 ・・・having an inertia member, e.g. ring

F16F 15/173 ・・・・provided within a closed housing {(F16F 15/36 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/18 ・・using electric, {magnetic or electromagnetic} means ([N:suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of non-rotatingmagnetic or electromagnetic means F16F 15/03]; dynamo-electric devices H02K; {control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients H02P 9/10})

F16F 15/20 ・Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by favourable grouping or relative arrangements of the moving members of the system or systems {(F16F 15/24 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/22 ・Compensation of inertia forces {(suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by favourable grouping or relative arrangements of the moving members of the system or systems F16F 15/20, counterweights F16F 15/28; correcting-weights for balancing rotating bodies F16F 15/32)}

F16F 15/223 ・・{Use of systems involving rotary unbalanced masses where the phase-angle of masses mounted on counter-rotating shafts can be varied (generation of mechanical vibrations per se with such systems B06B 1/166)}

F16F 15/226 ・・{in star engine arrangements}

F16F 15/24 ・・of crankshaft systems by particular disposition of cranks, pistons, or the like {(shape of crankshafts or eccentric-shafts having regard to balancing F16C 3/20)}

F16F 15/26 ・・of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, {i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system (F16F 15/226 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/261 ・・・{where masses move linearly}

F16F 15/262 ・・・{Masses attached to pinions, camshafts ordriving shafts for auxiliary equipment, e.g. for an oil pump}

F16F 15/264 ・・・{Rotating balancer shafts (F16F 15/262 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/265 ・・・・{Arrangement of two or more balancer shafts (F61F 15/26R4 takes precedence)}

F16F 15/267 ・・・・{characterised by bearing support of balancer shafts; Lubrication arrangements}

F16F 15/268 ・・・・{Hollow shafts}

F16F 15/28 ・Counterweights, {i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft (rotating balancer shafts F16F 15/264; correcting-weights for balancing rotating bodies F16F 15/32)}; Attaching or mounting same

F16F 15/283 ・・{for engine crankshafts}

F16F 15/286 ・・・{Adjustable weights}

F16F 15/30 ・Flywheels (F16F 15/16, F16F 15/28 take precedence; suppression of vibrations in rotating systems using elastic members or friction-damping members moving with the system, {i.e. split flywheels or single masses connected to a hub by elastic members or friction-damping members}F16F 15/12; rotary-body aspects in general F16C 13/00, F16C 15/00)

F16F 15/302 ・・{comprising arrangements for cooling or thermal insulation}

F16F 15/305 ・・made of plastics, e.g. fibre-reinforced plastics (FRP), {i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials}

F16F 15/31 ・・characterised by means for varying the moment of inertia

F16F 15/315 ・・characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft (F16F 15/31 takes precedence)

F16F 15/3153 ・・・{Securing inertia members to the shafts}

F16F 15/3156 ・・・{Arrangement of the bearings}

F16F 15/32 ・Correcting- or balancing-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies, e.g. vehicle wheels {(suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by using freely rotating masses F16F 15/14; compensation of inertia forces F16F 15/22; compensating unbalance for testing purposes G01M 1/30)}

F16F 15/322 ・・{the rotating body being a shaft (F16F 15/34, F16F 15/36 take precedence)}

F16F 15/324 ・・{the rotating body being a vehicle wheel (F16F 15/36 takes precedence; tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for B60C 19/00)}

F16F 15/326 ・・・{specially adapted for attachment to spokes}

F16F 15/328 ・・・{Multiple weights on adhesive strip}

F16F 15/34 ・・Fastening arrangements therefor

F16F 15/345 ・・・{specially adapted for attachement to a vehicle wheel}

F16F 15/36 ・・operating automatically, {i.e. where, for a given amount of unbalance, there is movement of masses until balance is achieved (damping vibrations of washing machines by displacing, supplying or ejecting a material, e.g. liquid, into or from counterbalancing pockets D06F 37/245)}

F16F 15/363 ・・・{using rolling bodies, e.g. balls free to move in a circumferential direction}

F16F 15/366 ・・・{using fluid or powder means, i.e. non-discrete material}

F16F 2222/00 Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects

F16F 2222/02 ・temperature-related (F16F 2228/002 takes precedence)

F16F 2222/025 ・・Cooling

F16F 2222/04 ・Friction

F16F 2222/06 ・Magnetic or electromagnetic

F16F 2222/08 ・Inertia

F16F 2222/10 ・Adhesion

F16F 2222/12 ・Fluid damping

F16F 2222/123 ・・decreasing with increasing flow

F16F 2222/126 ・・using gases

F16F 2222/14 ・superconducting

F16F 2224/00 Materials; Material properties

F16F 2224/005 ・Combined materials of same basic nature but differing characteristics

F16F 2224/02 ・solids

F16F 2224/0208 ・・Alloys

F16F 2224/0216 ・・bimetallic

F16F 2224/0225 ・・Cellular, e.g. micro-cellular foam

F16F 2224/0233 ・・deforming plastically in operation

F16F 2224/0241 ・・Fibre-reinforced plastics (FRP)

F16F 2224/025 ・・Elastomers

F16F 2224/0258 ・・Shape-memory metals, e.g. Ni-Ti alloys

F16F 2224/0266 ・・porosity

F16F 2224/0275 ・・Ceramics

F16F 2224/0283 ・・piezoelectric; electro- or magnetostrictive

F16F 2224/0291 ・・PTFE

F16F 2224/04 ・Fluids

F16F 2224/041 ・・Dilatant

F16F 2224/043 ・・electrorheological

F16F 2224/045 ・・magnetorheological

F16F 2224/046 ・・pneumatic

F16F 2224/048 ・・High viscosity, semi-solid pastiness (F16F 2224/041 takes precedence)

F16F 2226/00 Manufacturing; Treatments

F16F 2226/02 ・Surface treatments

F16F 2226/023 ・・by laser or similar treatment by rays

F16F 2226/026 ・・low-friction

F16F 2226/04 ・Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts

F16F 2226/041 ・・Clipping

F16F 2226/042 ・・Gluing

F16F 2226/044 ・・Snapping

F16F 2226/045 ・・Press-fitting

F16F 2226/047 ・・Sheet-metal stamping

F16F 2226/048 ・・Welding

F16F 2228/00 Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence

F16F 2228/001 ・Specific functional characteristics in numerical form or in the form of equations

F16F 2228/002 ・・Temperature

F16F 2228/004 ・・Force or pressure

F16F 2228/005 ・・Material properties, e.g. moduli

F16F 2228/007 ・・・of solids, e.g. hardness

F16F 2228/008 ・・・of semi-solids or fluids, e.g. viscosity

F16F 2228/04 ・Frequency effects

F16F 2228/06 ・Stiffness

F16F 2228/063 ・・Negative stiffness

F16F 2228/066 ・・Variable stiffness

F16F 2228/08 ・pre-stressed

F16F 2228/10 ・with threshold or dead zone

F16F 2228/12 ・degressive

F16F 2228/14 ・progressive

F16F 2230/00 Purpose; Design features

F16F 2230/0005 ・Attachment, e.g. to facilitate mounting onto confer adjustability

F16F 2230/0011 ・Balancing, e.g. counterbalancing to produce static balance

F16F 2230/0017 ・Calibrating

F16F 2230/0023 ・protective

F16F 2230/0029 ・Location, co-location

F16F 2230/0035 ・Gripping

F16F 2230/0041 ・Locking; Fixing in position

F16F 2230/0047 ・Measuring, indicating

F16F 2230/0052 ・Physically guiding or influencing

F16F 2230/0058 ・・using inserts or exterior elements, e.g. to affect stiffness

F16F 2230/0064 ・・using a cam

F16F 2230/007 ・・with, or used as an end stop or buffer; Limiting excessive axial separation

F16F 2230/0076 ・・Pivoting

F16F 2230/0082 ・Dimensional tolerances, e.g. play between mechanical elements

F16F 2230/0088 ・Timing

F16F 2230/0094 ・Magnifying a physical effect

F16F 2230/02 ・Surface features, e.g. notches or protuberances

F16F 2230/04 ・Lubrication

F16F 2230/06 ・Fluid filling or discharging

F16F 2230/08 ・Sensor arrangement

F16F 2230/10 ・Enclosure elements, e.g. for protection

F16F 2230/105 ・・Flexible, e.g. bellows or bladder

F16F 2230/12 ・Gas generation, e.g. by mixing of chemicals

F16F 2230/14 ・Ball joints; Spherical support elements

F16F 2230/16 ・used in a strut, basically rigid

F16F 2230/18 ・Control arrangements

F16F 2230/183 ・・fluid actuated

F16F 2230/186 ・・with manual adjustments

F16F 2230/20 ・Location of equilibration chamber

F16F 2230/22 ・Pumps

F16F 2230/24 ・Detecting or preventing malfunction, e.g. fail safe

F16F 2230/26 ・Air gap

F16F 2230/28 ・Inclination of a suspension element

F16F 2230/30 ・Sealing arrangements

F16F 2230/32 ・Modular design

F16F 2230/34 ・Flexural hinges

F16F 2230/36 ・Holes, slots or the like

F16F 2230/38 ・Off-centre positioning

F16F 2230/40 ・Multi-layer

F16F 2230/42 ・Multiple pistons

F16F 2230/46 ・Maintenance

F16F 2230/48 ・Thermal insulation

F16F 2232/00 Nature of movement

F16F 2232/02 ・Rotary

F16F 2232/04 ・Rotary-to-translation conversion

F16F 2232/06 ・Translation-to-rotary conversion

F16F 2232/08 ・Linear

F16F 2234/00 Shape

F16F 2234/02 ・cylindrical

F16F 2234/04 ・conical

F16F 2234/06 ・plane or flat

F16F 2234/08 ・spherical

F16F 2236/00 Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements

F16F 2236/02 ・the stressing resulting in flexion of the spring

F16F 2236/022 ・・of membrane-type springs

F16F 2236/025 ・・radial flexion of ring-type springs

F16F 2236/027 ・・of strip- or leg-type springs

F16F 2236/04 ・Compression

F16F 2236/045 ・・the spring material being generally enclosed

F16F 2236/06 ・Tension

F16F 2236/08 ・Torsion

F16F 2236/085 ・・the spring being annular

F16F 2236/10 ・Shear

F16F 2236/103 ・・linear

F16F 2236/106 ・・rotational

F16F 2236/12 ・loaded in combined stresses

F16F 2236/123 ・・loaded in compression and shear

F16F 2236/126 ・・・Neidhart-type rubber springs

F16F 2238/00 Type of springs or dampers

F16F 2238/02 ・Springs

F16F 2238/022 ・・leaf-like, e.g. of thin, planar-like metal

F16F 2238/024 ・・torsional

F16F 2238/026 ・・wound- or coil-like

F16F 2238/028 ・・・Winding direction thereof

F16F 2238/04 ・Damper

F16F 2238/045 ・・Lead shear damper