WebCPC CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

G01S　RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES ({for special applications, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. A61B, G01F, G01N, G02B; measuring dimensions or angles of objects G01B; navigation in general G01C; measuring infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations in general G01H; measuring infra-red, visible, or ultra-violet radiation in general G01J; transducers per se, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. G01L, H01L, H04R; measuring direction or velocity of flowing fluids by reception or emission of radiowaves or other waves and based on propagation effects caused in the fluid itself G01P; measuring electric or magnetic variables in general G01R}; detecting masses or objects by methods not involving reflection or radiation of radio, acoustic or other waves G01V; {time-interval measuring G04F}; aerials H01Q)

G01S 1/00 Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith (position fixing by co-ordinating a plurality of determinations of direction or position lines G01S 5/00)

G01S 1/02 ・using radio waves (G01S 19/00 takes precedence)

G01S 1/022 ・・{Means for monitoring or calibrating}

G01S 1/024 ・・・{of beacon transmitters}

G01S 1/026 ・・・{of associated receivers}

G01S 1/028 ・・・{Simulation means, e.g. of beacon signals therefor (for teaching or training purposes G09B 9/00)}

G01S 1/04 ・・Details

G01S 1/042 ・・・{Transmitters}

G01S 1/045 ・・・{Receivers}

G01S 1/047 ・・・{Displays or indicators (G01S 1/06 takes precedence)}

G01S 1/06 ・・・Means for providing multiple indication, e.g. coarse and fine indications

G01S 1/08 ・・Systems for determining direction or position line {aerial arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q 3/00; combinations of different interacting units for giving a desired directional characteristic H01Q 21/29; aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiation patterns H01Q 25/00}

G01S 1/10 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted sequentially from aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented overlapping directivity-characteristics, e.g. equi-signal A-N type

G01S 1/12 ・・・・the signals being transmitted sequentially from an aerial or aerial system having the orientation of its directivity characteristic periodically varied, e.g. by means of sequentially effective reflectors

G01S 1/14 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted simultaneously from aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented overlapping directivity-characteristics

G01S 1/16 ・・・・Azimuthal guidance systems, e.g. system for defining aircraft approach path, localiser system

G01S 1/18 ・・・・Elevational guidance systems, e.g. system for defining aircraft glide path

G01S 1/20 ・・・using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional aerials or aerial systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems {synchronisation in general H03L 7/00}

G01S 1/22 ・・・・the synchronised signals being frequency modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring difference of instantaneous frequencies of received carrier waves

G01S 1/24 ・・・・the synchronised signals being pulses or equivalent modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring the difference in arrival time of a significant part of the modulations, {e.g. LORAN systems}

G01S 1/245 ・・・・・{Details of receivers cooperating therewith, e.g. determining positive zero crossing of third cycle in LORAN-C}

G01S 1/26 ・・・・・Systems in which pulses or time-base signals are generated locally at the receiver and brought into predetermined time-relationship with received signals, e.g. pulse duration coincides with time interval between arrival of significant part of modulation of signals received from first and second aerials or aerial systems {contains no documents}

G01S 1/28 ・・・・・・wherein the predetermined time-relationship is maintained automatically {contains no documents}

G01S 1/30 ・・・・the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference

G01S 1/302 ・・・・・{Systems in which the direction is determined by using an interferometric type transmitting antenna array}

G01S 1/304 ・・・・・{Analogous systems in which a beat frequency, obtained by heterodyning the signals, is compared in phase with a reference signal obtained by heterodyning the signals in a fixed reference point and transmitted therefrom, e.g. LORAC (long range accuracy) or TORAN systems}

G01S 1/306 ・・・・・{Analogous systems in which frequency-related signals (harmonics) are compared in phase, e.g. DECCA systems}

G01S 1/308 ・・・・・{particularly adapted to Omega systems}

G01S 1/32 ・・・・・Systems in which the signals received, with or without amplification, or signals derived therefrom, are compared in phase directly {contains no documents}

G01S 1/34 ・・・・・Systems in which first and second synchronised signals are transmitted from both aerials or aerial systems and a beat frequency obtained by heterodyning the first signals with each other is compared in phase with a beat frequency obtained by heterodyning the second signals with each other {contains no documents}

G01S 1/36 ・・・・・Systems in which a beat frequency, obtained by heterodyning the synchronised signals, is compared in phase with a reference signal having a phase substantially independent of direction {contains no documents}

G01S 1/38 ・・・using comparison of (1) the phase of the envelope of the change of frequency, due to Doppler effect, of the signal transmitted by an aerial moving, or appearing to move, in a cyclic path with (2) the phase of a reference signal, the frequency of this reference signal being synchronised with that of the cyclic movement, or apparent cyclic movement, of the aerial

G01S 1/40 ・・・・the apparent movement of the aerial being produced by cyclic sequential energisation of fixed aerials

G01S 1/42 ・・・Conical-scan beacons transmitting signals which indicate at a mobile receiver any displacement of the receiver from the conical-scan axis, e.g. for

G01S 1/44 ・・・Rotating or oscillating beam beacons defining directions in the plane of rotation or oscillation

G01S 1/46 ・・・・Broad-beam systems producing at a receiver a substantially continuous sinusoidal envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the phase angle of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the receiver from the beacon and a reference direction from the beacon, e.g. cardioid system

G01S 1/465 ・・・・・{using time-varying interference fields}

G01S 1/48 ・・・・・wherein the phase angle of the direction-dependent envelope signal is a multiple of the direction angle, e.g. for "fine" bearing indication {TACAN}

G01S 1/50 ・・・・・wherein the phase angle of the direction-dependent envelope signal is compared with a non-direction-dependent reference signal, {e.g. VOR}

G01S 1/52 ・・・・・wherein the phase angles of a plurality of direction-dependent envelope signals produced by a plurality of beams rotating at different speeds or in different directions are compared

G01S 1/54 ・・・・Narrow-beam systems producing at a receiver a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the timing of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the receiver from the beacon and a reference direction from the beacon; Overlapping broad beam systems defining a narrow zone and producing at a receiver a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the timing of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the receiver from the beacon and a reference direction from the beacon

G01S 1/56 ・・・・・Timing the pulse-type envelope signals derived by reception of the beam

G01S 1/58 ・・・・・wherein a characteristic of the beam transmitted or of an auxiliary signal is varied in time synchronously with rotation or oscillation of the beam

G01S 1/60 ・・・・・・Varying frequency of beam signal or of auxiliary signal

G01S 1/62 ・・・・・・Varying phase-relationship between beam and auxiliary signal

G01S 1/64 ・・・・・・Varying pulse timing, e.g. varying interval between pulses radiated in pairs

G01S 1/66 ・・・・・・Superimposing direction-indicating intelligence signals, e.g. speech, Morse

G01S 1/68 ・・Marker, boundary, call-sign, or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information

G01S 1/685 ・・・{using pulse modulation, e.g. pulse frequency modulation}

G01S 1/70 ・using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 1/705 ・・{using gamma or X-rays}

G01S 1/72 ・using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves (signalling devices G08B)

G01S 1/725 ・・{Marker, boundary, call-sign or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information}

G01S 1/74 ・・Details

G01S 1/76 ・・Systems for determining direction or position line (sound focusing or directing using electrical steering of transducer arrays, e.g. beam steering, in general G10K 11/34)

G01S 1/763 ・・・{using the Doppler shift introduced by the relative motion between beacon and receiver}

G01S 1/766 ・・・{Conical-scan beam beacons transmitting signals which indicate at a mobile receiver any displacement of the receiver from the conical-scan axis}

G01S 1/78 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals transmitted from transducers or transducer systems having differently-oriented characteristics

G01S 1/783 ・・・・{the signals being transmitted sequentially}

G01S 1/786 ・・・・{the signals being transmitted simultaneously}

G01S 1/80 ・・・using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional transducers or transducer systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems

G01S 1/802 ・・・・{the synchronised signals being frequency modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring difference of instantaneous frequencies of received carrier waves}

G01S 1/805 ・・・・{the synchronised signals being pulses or equivalent modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring the difference in arrival time of a significant part of the modulations}

G01S 1/807 ・・・・{the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference}

G01S 1/82 ・・・Rotating or oscillating beam beacons defining directions in the plane of rotation or oscillation

G01S 3/00 Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received (position fixing by co-ordinating a plurality of determinations of direction or position lines G01S 5/00; for geophysical measurement G01C; telescope mountings G02B)

G01S 3/02 ・using radio waves

G01S 3/023 ・・{Monitoring or calibrating}

G01S 3/026 ・・・{Simulating means therefor}

G01S 3/04 ・・Details

G01S 3/043 ・・・{Receivers}

G01S 3/046 ・・・{Displays or indicators}

G01S 3/06 ・・・Means for increasing effective directivity, e.g. by combining signals having differently-oriented directivity characteristics, by sharpening the envelope waveform of the signal desired from a rotating or oscillating beam aerial (comparing amplitude of signals having differently-oriented directivity characteristics to determine direction G01S 3/16, G01S 3/28; modifications of aerials or aerial systems H01Q)

G01S 3/065 ・・・・{by using non-directional aerial}

G01S 3/08 ・・・Means for reducing polarisation errors, e.g. by use of Adcock or spaced loop aerial systems

G01S 3/085 ・・・・{by using spaced loop aerial systems}

G01S 3/10 ・・・Means for reducing or compensating for quadrantal, site, or like errors

G01S 3/12 ・・・Means for determining sense of direction, e.g. by combining signals from directional aerial or goniometer search coil with those from non-directional aerial (determining direction by amplitude comparison of signals derived by combining directional and non-directional signals G01S 3/24, G01S 3/34){G01S 3/065 takes precedence}

G01S 3/14 ・・Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction {aerial arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern H01Q 3/00; combinations of different interacting aerial units for giving a desired directional characteristic H01Q 21/29; aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiation patterns H01Q 25/00}

G01S 3/143 ・・・{by vectorial combination of signals derived from differently oriented antennae}

G01S 3/146 ・・・{by comparing linear polarisation components (polarisation details of antenna systems per se H01Q 21/245)}

G01S 3/16 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals derived sequentially from receiving aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics or from an aerial system having periodically-varied orientation of directivity characteristic {G01S 3/146 takes precedence}

G01S 3/18 ・・・・derived directly from separate directional aerials

G01S 3/20 ・・・・derived by sampling signal received by an aerial system having periodically-varied orientation of directivity characteristic

G01S 3/22 ・・・・derived from different combinations of signals from separate aerials, e.g. comparing sum with difference

G01S 3/24 ・・・・・the separate aerials comprising one directional aerial and one non-directional aerial, e.g. combination of loop and open aerials producing a reversed cardioid directivity characteristic

G01S 3/26 ・・・・・the separate aerials having differently-oriented directivity characteristics

G01S 3/28 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals derived simultaneously from receiving aerials or aerial systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics {G01S 3/146 takes precedence}

G01S 3/30 ・・・・derived directly from separate directional systems

G01S 3/32 ・・・・derived from different combinations of signals from separate aerials, e.g. comparing sum with difference

G01S 3/325 ・・・・・{Automatic tracking systems}

G01S 3/34 ・・・・・the separate aerials comprising one directional aerial and one non-directional aerial, e.g. combination of loop and open aerials producing a reversed cardioid directivity characteristic

G01S 3/36 ・・・・・the separate aerials having differently-oriented directivity characteristics

G01S 3/38 ・・・using adjustment of real or effective orientation of directivity characteristic of an aerial or aerial system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that aerial or aerial system, e.g. to give a maximum or minimum signal (G01S 3/16, G01S 3/28 take precedence)

G01S 3/40 ・・・・adjusting orientation of a single directivity characteristic to produce maximum or minimum signal, e.g. rotatable loop aerial, equivalent goniometer system

G01S 3/42 ・・・・the desired condition being maintained automatically

G01S 3/44 ・・・・the adjustment being varied periodically or continuously until it is halted automatically when the desired condition is attained

G01S 3/46 ・・・using aerials spaced apart and measuring {frequency} phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems

G01S 3/465 ・・・・{the waves arriving at the aerials being frequency modulated and the frequency difference of signals therefrom being measured}

G01S 3/48 ・・・・the waves arriving at the aerials being continuous or intermittent and the phase difference of signals derived therefrom being measured

G01S 3/50 ・・・・the waves arriving at the aerials being pulse modulated and the time difference of their arrival being measured

G01S 3/52 ・・・using a receiving aerial moving, or appearing to move, in a cyclic path to produce a Doppler variation of frequency of the received signal

G01S 3/54 ・・・・the apparent movement of the aerial being produced by coupling the receiver cyclically and sequentially to each of several fixed spaced aerials

G01S 3/56 ・・・Conical-scan beam systems using signals indicative of the deviation of the direction of reception from the scan axis

G01S 3/58 ・・・Rotating or oscillating beam systems using continuous analysis of received signal for determining direction in the plane of rotation or oscillation or for determining deviation from a predetermined direction in such a plane (G01S 3/14 takes precedence)

G01S 3/60 ・・・・Broad-beam systems producing in the receiver a substantially sinusoidal envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the phase angle of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the transmitter from the receiver and a reference direction from the receiver, e.g. cardioid system

G01S 3/62 ・・・・・wherein the phase angle of the signal is indicated by a cathode-ray tube

G01S 3/64 ・・・・・wherein the phase angle of the signal is determined by phase comparison with a reference alternating signal varying in synchronism with the directivity variation

G01S 3/66 ・・・・Narrow-beam systems producing in the receiver a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the timing of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the transmitter from the receiver and a reference direction from the receiver; Overlapping broad-beam systems defining in the receiver a narrow zone and producing a pulse-type envelope signal of the carrier wave of the beam, the timing of which is dependent upon the angle between the direction of the transmitter from the receiver and a reference direction from the receiver

G01S 3/68 ・・・・・wherein the timing of the pulse-type envelope signal is indicated by cathode-ray tube (radar cathode-ray tube indicators providing co-ordinated display of distance and direction G01S 7/10)

G01S 3/70 ・・・・・wherein the timing of the pulse-type envelope signal is determined by bringing a locally-generated pulse-type signal into coincidence or other predetermined time-relationship with the envelope signal

G01S 3/72 ・・Diversity systems specially adapted for direction-finding

G01S 3/74 ・・Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single aerial system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals (systems in which the directions of different signals are determined sequentially and displayed simultaneously G01S 3/04, G01S 3/14)

G01S 3/78 ・using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 3/7803 ・・{Means for monitoring or calibrating}

G01S 3/7806 ・・{using gamma or X-rays}

G01S 3/781 ・・Details

G01S 3/782 ・・Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction

G01S 3/783 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals derived from static detectors or detector systems

G01S 3/7835 ・・・・{using coding masks}

G01S 3/784 ・・・・using a mosaic of detectors

G01S 3/785 ・・・using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system

G01S 3/786 ・・・・the desired condition being maintained automatically, {i.e. tracking systems; G01S 3/783 takes precedence}

G01S 3/7861 ・・・・・{Solar tracking systems}

G01S 3/7862 ・・・・・・{mounted on a moving platform e.g. space vehicle}

G01S 3/7864 ・・・・・{T.V. type tracking systems}

G01S 3/7865 ・・・・・・{using correlation of the live video image with a stored image}

G01S 3/7867 ・・・・・{Star trackers (navigation using star trackers G01C 21/025)}

G01S 3/7868 ・・・・・{using horizon sensors}

G01S 3/787 ・・・using rotating reticles producing a direction-dependant modulation characteristic

G01S 3/788 ・・・・producing a frequency modulation characteristic

G01S 3/789 ・・・using rotating or oscillating beam systems, e.g. using mirrors, prisms

G01S 3/80 ・using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves

G01S 3/8003 ・・{Diversity systems specially adapted for direction finding}

G01S 3/8006 ・・{Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single aerial system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals}

G01S 3/801 ・・Details {G01S 3/82, G01S 3/84, G01S 3/86 take precedence}

G01S 3/802 ・・Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction (sound-focusing or directing using electrical steering of transducer arrays, e.g. beam steering,in general G10K 11/34)

G01S 3/8022 ・・・{using the Doppler shift introduced by the relative motion between source and receiver}

G01S 3/8025 ・・・{Conical-scan beam systems using signals indicative of the deviation of the direction of reception from the scan axis}

G01S 3/8027 ・・・{By vectorial composition of signals received by plural, differently-oriented transducers}

G01S 3/803 ・・・using amplitude comparison of signals derived from receiving transducers or transducer systems having differently-oriented directivity characteristics

G01S 3/8032 ・・・・{wherein the signals are derived sequentially}

G01S 3/8034 ・・・・{wherein the signals are derived simultaneously}

G01S 3/8036 ・・・・・{derived directly from separate directional systems}

G01S 3/8038 ・・・・・{derived from different combinations of signals from separate transducers comparing sum with difference}

G01S 3/805 ・・・using adjustment of real or effective orientation of directivity characteristic of a transducer or transducer system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that transducer or transducer system, e.g. to give a maximum or minimum signal

G01S 3/8055 ・・・・{adjusting orientation of a single directivity characteristic to produce maximum or minimum signal}

G01S 3/807 ・・・・the desired condition being maintained automatically

G01S 3/808 ・・・using transducers spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems

G01S 3/8083 ・・・・{determining direction of source}

G01S 3/8086 ・・・・{determining other position line of source}

G01S 3/809 ・・・Rotating or oscillating beam systems using continuous analysis of received signal for determining direction in the plane of rotation or oscillation or for determining deviation from a predetermined direction in such a plane

G01S 3/82 ・・with means for adjusting phase or compensating for time-lag errors

G01S 3/84 ・・with indication presented on cathode-ray tubes

G01S 3/86 ・・with means for eliminating undesired waves, e.g. disturbing noises

G01S 5/00 Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations {(using active systems G01S 13/00, G01S 15/00, G01S 17/00)}

G01S 5/0009 ・{Transmission of position information to remote stations (transmission of measured values in general, G08C; services making use of location of users or terminals, H04W 4/02)}

G01S 5/0018 ・・{Transmission from mobile station to base station}

G01S 5/0027 ・・・{of actual mobile position, i.e. position determined on mobile}

G01S 5/0036 ・・・{of measured values, i.e. measurement on mobile and position calculation on base station}

G01S 5/0045 ・・{Transmission from base station to mobile station (G01S 5/009 takes precedence)}

G01S 5/0054 ・・・{of actual mobile position, i.e. position calculation on base station}

G01S 5/0063 ・・・{of measured values, i.e. measurement on base station and position calculation on mobile}

G01S 5/0072 ・・{Transmission between mobile stations, e.g. anti-collision systems}

G01S 5/0081 ・・{Transmission between base stations}

G01S 5/009 ・・{Transmission of differential positioning data to mobile}

G01S 5/02 ・using radio waves (G01S 19/00 takes precedence)

G01S 5/0205 ・・{Details}

G01S 5/021 ・・・{Calibration, monitoring or correction (G01S 5/0252 takes precedence)}

G01S 5/0215 ・・・{interference or multipath issues related to signal reception}

G01S 5/0221 ・・・{of receivers or network of receivers}

G01S 5/0226 ・・・{of transmitters or network of transmitters (wireless system synchronisation per se H04B 7/2662)}

G01S 5/0231 ・・・・{Emergency, distress or locator beacons}

G01S 5/0236 ・・・{Receiving assistance data, e.g. base station almanac}

G01S 5/0242 ・・・{locating transmitters to be used for positioning (G01S 5/0289 takes precedence)}

G01S 5/0247 ・・{Determination of attitude (using inertial means G01C 9/00; control of attitude G05D 1/08)}

G01S 5/0252 ・・{by comparing measured values with pre-stored measured or simulated values}

G01S 5/0257 ・・{Hybrid positioning solutions (by coordinating position lines of different shape G01S 5/12)}C2010.10

G01S 5/0263 ・・・{employing positioning solutions derived from one of several separate positioning systems}

G01S 5/0268 ・・・{employing positioning solutions derived from a single positioning system}

G01S 5/0273 ・・{using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination}

G01S 5/0278 ・・{involving statistical or probabilistic considerations (G01S 5/0252, G01S 5/0294 take precedence)}

G01S 5/0284 ・・{Relative positioning}

G01S 5/0289 ・・・{of multiple transceivers, e.g. in ad hoc networks}

G01S 5/0294 ・・{Tracking, i.e. predictive filtering, e.g. Kalman filtering}

G01S 5/04 ・・Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders

G01S 5/06 ・・Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements (G01S 5/12 takes precedence)

G01S 5/08 ・・Position of single direction-finder fixed by determining direction of a plurality of spaced sources of known location

G01S 5/10 ・・Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements {,e.g. omega or decca systems}(G01S 5/12 takes precedence; {beacons and receivers cooperating therewith G01S 1/306, G01S 1/308})

G01S 5/12 ・・by co-ordinating position lines of different shape, e.g. hyperbolic, circular, elliptical, radial (radar indicators providing co-ordinated display of direction and distance G01S 7/10)

G01S 5/14 ・・Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location

G01S 5/145 ・・・{Using a supplementary range measurement, e.g. based on pseudo-range measurements}

G01S 5/16 ・using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 5/163 ・・{Determination of attitude (using inertial means G01C 9/00; control of attitude G05D 1/08)}

G01S 5/166 ・・{using gamma or X-rays}

G01S 5/18 ・using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves

G01S 5/183 ・・{Emergency, distress or locator beacons}

G01S 5/186 ・・{Determination of attitude (using inertial means G01C 9/00; control of attitude G05D 1/08)}

G01S 5/20 ・・Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders

G01S 5/22 ・・Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements (G01S 5/28 takes precedence)

G01S 5/24 ・・Position of single direction-finder fixed by determining direction of a plurality of spaced sources of known location

G01S 5/26 ・・Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements (G01S 5/28 takes precedence)

G01S 5/28 ・・by co-ordinating position lines of different shape, e.g. hyperbolic, circular, elliptical, radial (sonar indicators providing co-ordinated display of direction and distance G01S 7/62)

G01S 5/30 ・・Determining absolute distances from a plurality of spaced points of known location

G01S 7/00 Details of systems according to groups G01S 13/00, G01S 15/00, G01S 17/00{(apparatus for measuring unknown time-intervals by electronic means, e.g. Vernier method G04F 10/00)}

G01S 7/003 ・{Transmission of data between radar, sonar or lidar systems and remote stations (in general G08C)}

G01S 7/006 ・・{using shared front-end circuitry, e.g. antennas (G01S 13/765, G01S 13/825 take precedence)}

G01S 7/02 ・of systems according to group G01S 13/00

G01S 7/021 ・・{Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like, e.g. radar jamming signals (multi-channel PRF-analysers, per se G01R 23/155)}

G01S 7/022 ・・・{Road traffic radar detectors}

G01S 7/023 ・・{interference mitigation, e.g. reducing or avoiding non-intentional interference with other HF-transmitters, base station transmitters for mobile communication or other radar systems, e.g. using electro-magnetic interference [EMI] reduction techniques (means for anti-jamming G01S 7/36; auxiliary means for detecting or identifying radar signals or the like G01S 7/021)}

G01S 7/024 ・・{using polarisation effects (in waveguides H01P 1/165; for aerials H01Q, e.g. H01Q 15/22, H01Q 15/24, H01Q 19/195)}

G01S 7/025 ・・・{involving the transmission of linearly polarised waves}

G01S 7/026 ・・・{involving the transmission of elliptically or circularly polarised waves}

G01S 7/03 ・・Details of HF subsystems specially adapted therefor, e.g. common to transmitter and receiver (TR boxes H01J 17/64; waveguides or resonators or other devices of the waveguide type H01P; aerials H01Q; basic electronic circuitry, e.g. generation of oscillations, modulation, demodulation, amplification, pulse technique H03; impedance networks, resonators H03H)

G01S 7/032 ・・・{Constructional details for solid-state radar subsystems}

G01S 7/034 ・・・{Duplexers (switching devices for waveguides H01P 1/10; transmit-receive switching in transceivers H04B 1/44)}

G01S 7/036 ・・・・{involving a transfer mixer (mixers in general, H03D7)}

G01S 7/038 ・・・{Feedthrough nulling circuits}

G01S 7/04 ・・Display arrangements

G01S 7/043 ・・・{Synchronising the display device with the scanning of the antenna}

G01S 7/046 ・・・{using an intermediate storage device, e.g. a recording/reproducing device (video recording in general H04N)}

G01S 7/06 ・・・Cathode-ray tube displays {or other two-dimensional or three-dimensional displays (cathode ray oscilloscopes in general G01R 13/20)}

G01S 7/062 ・・・・{in which different colours are used}

G01S 7/064 ・・・・{using a display memory for image processing (G01S 7/298 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/066 ・・・・・{with means for showing the history of the radar trails, e.g. artificial remanence}

G01S 7/068 ・・・・{with data-rate converters preceeding the display, e.g. flicker free display, constant brightness display (G01S 7/298 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/08 ・・・・with vernier indication of distance, e.g. using two cathode-ray tubes

G01S 7/10 ・・・・Providing two-dimensional and co-ordinated display of distance and direction {in general G01R 13/208}

G01S 7/12 ・・・・・Plan-position indicators, i.e. P.P.I.

G01S 7/14 ・・・・・・Sector, off-centre, or expanded angle display

G01S 7/16 ・・・・・Signals displayed as intensity modulation with rectangular co-ordinates representing distance and bearing, e.g. type B

G01S 7/18 ・・・・・Distance-height displays; Distance-elevation displays, e.g. type RHI, type E

G01S 7/20 ・・・・Stereoscopic displays; Three-dimensional displays; Pseudo-three-dimensional displays {in general G01R 13/206}

G01S 7/22 ・・・・Producing cursor lines and indicia by electronic means {in general G01R 13/30}

G01S 7/24 ・・・・the display being orientated or displaced in accordance with movement of object carrying the transmitting and receiving apparatus, e.g. true-motion radar

G01S 7/28 ・・Details of pulse systems

G01S 7/2806 ・・・{Employing storage or delay devices which preserve the pulse form of the echo signal, e.g. for comparing and combining echoes received during different periods}

G01S 7/2813 ・・・{Means providing a modification of the radiation pattern for cancelling noise, clutter or interfering signals, e.g. side lobe suppression, side lobe blanking, null-steering arrays (specially adapted to secondary radar systems G01S 13/762; aerials or aerials systems H01Q 21/29, H01Q 25/00)}

G01S 7/282 ・・・Transmitters

G01S 7/285 ・・・Receivers

G01S 7/288 ・・・・Coherent receivers

G01S 7/292 ・・・・Extracting wanted echo-signals (Doppler systems G01S 13/50)

G01S 7/2921 ・・・・・{based on data belonging to one radar period}

G01S 7/2922 ・・・・・・{by using a controlled threshold}

G01S 7/2923 ・・・・・{based on data belonging to a number of consecutive radar periods}

G01S 7/2925 ・・・・・・{by using shape of radiation pattern}

G01S 7/2926 ・・・・・・{by integration}

G01S 7/2927 ・・・・・・{by deriving and controlling a threshold value}

G01S 7/2928 ・・・・・・{Random or non-synchronous interference pulse cancellers}

G01S 7/295 ・・・・Means for transforming co-ordinates or for evaluating data, e.g. using computers

G01S 7/2955 ・・・・・{Means for determining the position of the radar coordinate system for evaluating the position data of the target in another coordinate system (G01S 7/24 takes precedence; sighting devices adapted for indirect laying of fire F41G 3/16; Inertial navigation G01C 21/16)}

G01S 7/298 ・・・・・Scan converters

G01S 7/32 ・・・・Shaping echo pulse signals; Deriving non-pulse signals from echo pulse signals

G01S 7/34 ・・・・Gain of receiver varied automatically during pulse-recurrence period, e.g. anti-clutter gain control

G01S 7/35 ・・Details of non-pulse systems

G01S 7/352 ・・・{Receivers}

G01S 7/354 ・・・・{Extracting wanted echo-signals (Doppler systems G01S 13/50)}

G01S 7/36 ・・Means for anti-jamming (in general H04K 3/00), {e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures (for irregular PRF see also G01S 13/22, G01S 13/528; for frequency agility of carrier wave see also G01S 13/24; G01S 7/2813 takes precedence); random interference pulse cancellers G01S 7/2928; identification of radar jamming signals G01S 7/021}

G01S 7/38 ・・Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes (in general H04K 3/00){reflecting surfaces comprising a plurality of reflecting particles, e.g. chaff, H01Q 15/145; identification of radar signals G01S 7/021}

G01S 7/40 ・・Means for monitoring or calibrating

G01S 7/4004 ・・・{of parts of a radar system (see provisionally also G01S 7/40)}

G01S 7/4008 ・・・・{of transmitters}

G01S 7/4017 ・・・・{of HF systems}

G01S 7/4021 ・・・・{of receivers}

G01S 7/4026 ・・・・{Antenna boresight}

G01S 7/4052 ・・・{by simulation of echoes (analogue simulators in general G06G 7/78)}

G01S 7/4056 ・・・・{specially adapted to FMCW}

G01S 7/41 ・・using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section

G01S 7/411 ・・・{Identification of targets based on measurements of radar reflectivity (G01S 7/415 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/412 ・・・・{based on a comparison between measured values and known or stored values}

G01S 7/414 ・・・{Discriminating targets with respect to background clutter}

G01S 7/415 ・・・{Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target}

G01S 7/417 ・・・{involving the use of neural networks}

G01S 7/418 ・・・{Theoretical aspects}

G01S 7/42 ・・Diversity systems specially adapted for radar

G01S 7/48 ・of systems according to group G01S 17/00

G01S 7/4802 ・・{using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section}

G01S 7/4804 ・・{Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying lidar signals or the like, e.g. laser illuminators}

G01S 7/4806 ・・・{Road traffic laser detectors}

G01S 7/4808 ・・{Evaluating distance, position or velocity data}

G01S 7/481 ・・Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements

G01S 7/4811 ・・・{common to transmitter and receiver}

G01S 7/4812 ・・・・{transmitted and received beams following a coaxial path}

G01S 7/4813 ・・・・{Housing arrangements}

G01S 7/4814 ・・・{of transmitters alone}

G01S 7/4815 ・・・・{using multiple transmitters}

G01S 7/4816 ・・・{of receivers alone}

G01S 7/4817 ・・・{relating to scanning}

G01S 7/4818 ・・・{using optical fibres}

G01S 7/483 ・・Details of pulse systems

G01S 7/484 ・・・Transmitters

G01S 7/486 ・・・Receivers

G01S 7/4861 ・・・・{Details of detection, sampling, integration or read-out circuits}

G01S 7/4863 ・・・・・{of detector arrays}

G01S 7/4865 ・・・・{Details of time delay measurement, e.g. time of flight or time of arrival measurement, determining the exact position of a peak}

G01S 7/4866 ・・・・・{by fitting a model or function to the received signal}

G01S 7/4868 ・・・・{Controlling received signal intensity or exposure of sensor}

G01S 7/487 ・・・・Extracting wanted echo signals, {e.g. pulse detection}

G01S 7/4873 ・・・・・{by deriving and controlling a threshold value}

G01S 7/4876 ・・・・・{by removing unwanted signals (G01S 7/495 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/489 ・・・・Gain of receiver varied automatically during pulse-recurrence period

G01S 7/491 ・・Details of non-pulse systems

G01S 7/4911 ・・・{Transmitters}

G01S 7/4912 ・・・{Receivers}

G01S 7/4913 ・・・・{Details of detection, sampling, integration or read-out circuits}

G01S 7/4914 ・・・・・{of detector arrays}

G01S 7/4915 ・・・・{Details of time delay measurement or phase measurement}

G01S 7/4916 ・・・・{using self-mixing in the laser cavity}

G01S 7/4917 ・・・・{superposing optical signals in a photodetector, e.g. optical heterodyne detection}

G01S 7/4918 ・・・・{Controlling received signal intensity, gain or exposure of sensor}

G01S 7/493 ・・・Extracting wanted echo signals

G01S 7/495 ・・Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures {using electronic or electro-optical means}

G01S 7/497 ・・Means for monitoring or calibrating

G01S 7/4972 ・・・{Alignment of sensor}

G01S 7/499 ・・using polarisation effects (measuring polarisation of light G01J)

G01S 7/51 ・・Display arrangements

G01S 7/52 ・of systems according to group G01S 15/00

G01S 7/52001 ・・{Auxiliary means for detecting or identifying sonar signals or the like, e.g. sonar jamming signals (multi-channel PRF-analysers per se G01R 23/155)}

G01S 7/52003 ・・{Techniques for enhancing spatial resolution of targets (beam formers in general G10K 11/34; G01S 7/52046 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52004 ・・{Means for monitoring or calibrating (short-range imaging 7/52S6)}

G01S 7/52006 ・・・{with provision for compensating the effects of temperature}

G01S 7/52015 ・・{Diversity systems}

G01S 7/52017 ・・{particularly adapted to short-range imaging (G01S 7/53 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52019 ・・・{Details of transmitters}

G01S 7/5202 ・・・・{for pulse systems}

G01S 7/52022 ・・・・・{using a sequence of pulses, at least one pulse manipulating the transmissivity or reflexivity of the medium}

G01S 7/52023 ・・・{Details of receivers}

G01S 7/52025 ・・・・{for pulse systems (G01S 7/52034 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52026 ・・・・・{Extracting wanted echo signals (Doppler systems G01S 15/50; Doppler short range imaging systems G01S 15/8979)}

G01S 7/52028 ・・・・・・{using digital techniques}

G01S 7/5203 ・・・・{for non-pulse systems, e.g. CW systems (G01S 7/52034 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52031 ・・・・・{Extracting wanted echo signals}

G01S 7/52033 ・・・・{Gain control of receivers (for seismic signals G01V 1/245)}

G01S 7/52034 ・・・・{Data rate converters}

G01S 7/52036 ・・・・{using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation}

G01S 7/52038 ・・・・・{involving non-linear properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target}

G01S 7/52039 ・・・・・・{exploiting the non-linear response of a contrast enhancer; e.g. a contrast agent (diagnostic techniques involving the use of contrast agents A61B 8/481)}

G01S 7/52041 ・・・・・・{detecting modification of a contrast enhancer, e.g. detecting the destruction of a contrast agent by an acoustic wave, e.g. loss of correlation (diagnostic techniques involving the use of contrast agents A61B 8/481)}

G01S 7/52042 ・・・・・{determining elastic properties of the propagation medium or of the reflective target (diagnostic techniques involving the measurement of strain A61B 8/485)}

G01S 7/52044 ・・・・{Scan converters}

G01S 7/52046 ・・・{Techniques for image enhancement involving transmitter or receiver (image enhancement by image data processing G06T 5/00)}

G01S 7/52047 ・・・・{for elimination of side lobes or of grating lobes; for increasing resolving power (beam formers in general G10K 11/34)}

G01S 7/52049 ・・・・{using correction of medium-induced phase aberration}

G01S 7/5205 ・・・{Means for monitoring or calibrating}

G01S 7/52052 ・・・・{with simulation of echoes}

G01S 7/52053 ・・・{Display arrangements}

G01S 7/52055 ・・・・{in association with ancillary recording equipment}

G01S 7/52057 ・・・・{Cathode ray tube displays (cathode ray oscilloscopes in general G01R 13/20)}

G01S 7/52058 ・・・・・{displaying one measured variable; A-scan display}

G01S 7/5206 ・・・・・{Two-dimensional coordinated display of distance and direction; B-scan display}

G01S 7/52061 ・・・・・・{Plan position indication (PPI display); C-scan display}

G01S 7/52063 ・・・・・・{Sector scan display}

G01S 7/52065 ・・・・・・{Compound scan display, e.g. panoramic imaging}

G01S 7/52066 ・・・・・・{Time-position or time-motion displays}

G01S 7/52068 ・・・・・{Stereoscopic displays; Three-dimensional displays; Pseudo 3D displays (G01S 15/8993 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52069 ・・・・・・{Grey-scale displays}

G01S 7/52071 ・・・・・{Multicolour displays; using colour coding; Optimising colour or information content in displays, e.g. parametric imaging}

G01S 7/52073 ・・・・・{Production of cursor lines, markers or indicia by electronic means}

G01S 7/52074 ・・・・・{Composite displays, e.g. split-screen displays; Combination of multiple images or of images and alphanumeric tabular information}

G01S 7/52076 ・・・{Luminous indicators}

G01S 7/52077 ・・・{with means for elimination of unwanted signals, e.g. noise or interference}

G01S 7/52079 ・・・{Constructional features (constructional features of transducers B06B; mounting transducers G10K 11/00; constructional features of ultrasonic medical diagnostic devices A61B 8/44)}

G01S 7/5208 ・・・・{with integration of processing functions inside probe or scanhead}

G01S 7/52082 ・・・・{involving a modular construction, e.g. a computer with short range imaging equipment (modular ultrasonic medical diagnostic devices A61B 8/4411)}

G01S 7/52084 ・・・・{related to particular user interfaces (special user input means for ultrasonic medical diagnostic devices A61B 8/467)}

G01S 7/52085 ・・・{Details related to the ultrasound signal acquisition, e.g. scan sequences (control of medical diagnostic ultrasound devices A61B 8/54)}

G01S 7/52087 ・・・・{using synchronization techniques (control of medical diagnostic ultrasound devices involving acquisition triggered by a physiological signal A61B 8/543)}

G01S 7/52088 ・・・・・{involving retrospective scan line rearrangements (medical diagnostic ultrasound devices involving retrospective matching to a physiological signal A61B 8/5284)}

G01S 7/5209 ・・・・{using multibeam transmission}

G01S 7/52092 ・・・・・{using frequency diversity}

G01S 7/52093 ・・・・・{using coded signals (G01S 15/8959 takes precedence)}

G01S 7/52095 ・・・・{using multiline receive beamforming}

G01S 7/52096 ・・・{related to power management, e.g. saving power or prolonging life of electronic components (details of power supplies for ultrasonic medical diagnostic imaging devices A61B 8/56)}

G01S 7/52098 ・・・{related to workflow protocols}

G01S 7/521 ・・{Constructional features (constructional features of transducers B06B; mounting transducers G10K 11/00)}

G01S 7/523 ・・Details of pulse systems {(short-range imaging G01S 7/52017; methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound G10K 11/18)}

G01S 7/524 ・・・Transmitters

G01S 7/526 ・・・Receivers

G01S 7/527 ・・・・Extracting wanted echo signals {(Doppler systems G01S 15/50)}

G01S 7/5273 ・・・・・{using digital techniques}

G01S 7/5276 ・・・・・{using analogue techniques}

G01S 7/529 ・・・・Gain of receiver varied automatically during pulse-recurrence period {(for seismic signals G01V 1/245)}

G01S 7/53 ・・・・Means for transforming coordinates or for evaluating data, e.g. using computers

G01S 7/531 ・・・・・Scan converters

G01S 7/533 ・・・・・Data rate converters

G01S 7/534 ・・Details of non-pulse systems {(short-range imaging G01S 7/52S)}

G01S 7/5345 ・・・{Gain control of receivers (for seismic signals G01V 1/245)}

G01S 7/536 ・・・Extracting wanted echo signals

G01S 7/537 ・・Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures, e.g. jamming, anti-jamming {(in general H04K)}

G01S 7/539 ・・using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section

G01S 7/54 ・・with receivers spaced apart

G01S 7/56 ・・Display arrangements {(short-range imaging G01S 7/52053)}

G01S 7/58 ・・・for providing variable ranges

G01S 7/60 ・・・for providing a permanent recording

G01S 7/62 ・・・Cathode-ray tube displays {or other two-dimensional or three-dimensional displays (cathode ray oscilloscopes in general G01R 13/20)}

G01S 7/6209 ・・・・{providing display of one measured variable}

G01S 7/6218 ・・・・{providing two-dimensional coordinated display of distance and direction}

G01S 7/6227 ・・・・・{Plan-position indicators, i.e. P.P.I.}

G01S 7/6236 ・・・・・{Sector-scan displays}

G01S 7/6245 ・・・・{Stereoscopic displays; Three-dimensional displays; Pseudo-three dimensional displays}

G01S 7/6254 ・・・・・{Grey-scale displays}

G01S 7/6263 ・・・・{in which different colours are used}

G01S 7/6272 ・・・・{producing cursor lines and indicia by electronic means}

G01S 7/6281 ・・・・{Composite displays, e.g. split-screen, multiple images}

G01S 7/629 ・・・・{the display being oriented or displaced in accordance with the movement of object carrying the transmitting and receiving apparatus}

G01S 7/64 ・・・Luminous indications (G01S 7/62 takes precedence){(short-range imaging G01S 7/52076)}

G01S 11/00 Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation (direction-finders G01S 3/00; position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations G01S 5/00)

G01S 11/02 ・using radio waves (G01S 19/00 takes precedence)

G01S 11/023 ・・{using impedance elements varying with distance}

G01S 11/026 ・・{using moving transmitters}

G01S 11/04 ・・using angle measurements

G01S 11/06 ・・using intensity measurements

G01S 11/08 ・・using synchronised clocks (synchronisation of electronic clocks G04G 7/02)

G01S 11/10 ・・using Doppler effect

G01S 11/12 ・using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 11/125 ・・{using gamma or X-rays}

G01S 11/14 ・using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves

G01S 11/16 ・using difference in transit time between electrical and acoustic signals

G01S 13/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified (using acoustic waves G01S 15/00; using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves G01S 17/00)

G01S 13/003 ・{Bistatic radar systems; Multistatic radar systems}

G01S 13/006 ・{Theoretical aspects (G01S 7/418, G01S 13/9094, G01S 13/958 take precedence)}

G01S 13/02 ・Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems

G01S 13/0209 ・・{Systems with very large relative bandwidth, i.e. larger than 10 %, e.g. baseband, pulse, carrier-free, ultrawideband}

G01S 13/0218 ・・{Very long range radars, e.g. surface wave radar, over-the-horizon or ionospheric propagation systems (for meteorological use G01S 13/95)}

G01S 13/04 ・・Systems determining the presence of a target (based on relative movement of target G01S 13/56)

G01S 13/06 ・・Systems determining position data of a target

G01S 13/08 ・・・Systems for measuring distance only (indirect measurement G01S 13/46)

G01S 13/10 ・・・・using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves (determination of distance by phase measurement G01S 13/32)

G01S 13/103 ・・・・・{particularities of the measurement of the distance (G01S 13/12, G01S 13/14, G01S 13/16, G01S 13/18 and G01S 13/20 take precedence)}

G01S 13/106 ・・・・・{using transmission of pulses having some particular characteristics (G01S 13/12, G01S 13/22, G01S 13/24, G01S 13/26, G01S 13/28 and G01S 13/30 take precedence)}

G01S 13/12 ・・・・・wherein the pulse-recurrence frequency is varied to provide a desired time relationship between the transmission of a pulse and the receipt of the echo of a preceding pulse

G01S 13/14 ・・・・・wherein a voltage or current pulse is initiated and terminated in accordance respectively with the pulse transmission and echo reception

G01S 13/16 ・・・・・・using counters

G01S 13/18 ・・・・・wherein range gates are used

G01S 13/20 ・・・・・whereby multiple time-around echoes are used or eliminated

G01S 13/22 ・・・・・using irregular pulse repetition frequency {G01S 13/12 takes precedence}

G01S 13/222 ・・・・・・{using random or pseudorandom pulse repetition frequency}

G01S 13/225 ・・・・・・{with cyclic repetition of a non-uniform pulse sequence, e.g. staggered PRF}

G01S 13/227 ・・・・・・{with repetitive trains of uniform pulse sequences, each sequence having a different pulse repetition frequency}

G01S 13/24 ・・・・・using frequency agility of carrier wave

G01S 13/26 ・・・・・wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave

G01S 13/28 ・・・・・・with time compression of received pulses

G01S 13/282 ・・・・・・・{using a frequency modulated carrier wave (G01S 13/286 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/284 ・・・・・・・{using coded pulses}

G01S 13/286 ・・・・・・・・{frequency shift keyed}

G01S 13/288 ・・・・・・・・{phase modulated}

G01S 13/30 ・・・・・using more than one pulse per radar period

G01S 13/32 ・・・・using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency- or phase-modulated waves

G01S 13/325 ・・・・・{using transmission of coded signals, e.g. P.S.K. signals}

G01S 13/34 ・・・・・using transmission of frequency-modulated waves and the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, being heterodyned with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneous transmitted signal to give a beat-frequency signal

G01S 13/341 ・・・・・・{wherein the rate of change of the transmitted frequency is adjusted to give a beat of predetermined constant frequency, e.g. by adjusting the amplitude or frequency of the frequency-modulating signal}

G01S 13/342 ・・・・・・{using sinusoidal modulation}

G01S 13/343 ・・・・・・{using sawtooth modulation}

G01S 13/345 ・・・・・・{using triangular modulation}

G01S 13/346 ・・・・・・{using noise modulation}

G01S 13/347 ・・・・・・{using more than one modulation frequency}

G01S 13/348 ・・・・・・{using square or rectangular modulation, e.g. diplex radar for ranging over short distances}

G01S 13/36 ・・・・・with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal

G01S 13/38 ・・・・・・wherein more than one modulation frequency is used

G01S 13/40 ・・・・・・wherein the frequency of transmitted signal is adjusted to give a predetermined phase relationship

G01S 13/42 ・・・Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S 13/46)

G01S 13/422 ・・・・{sequential lobing e.g. conical scan}

G01S 13/424 ・・・・{Stacked beam radar}

G01S 13/426 ・・・・{Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar (G01S 13/66 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/428 ・・・・・{within the pulse scanning systems}

G01S 13/44 ・・・・Monopulse radar, i.e. simultaneous lobing

G01S 13/4409 ・・・・・{HF sub-systems particularly adapted therefor, e.g. circuits for signal combination (multi-lobing aerials or aerial systems H01Q 25/00)}

G01S 13/4418 ・・・・・{with means for eliminating radar-dependent errors in angle measurements, e.g. multipath effects}

G01S 13/4427 ・・・・・{with means for eliminating the target-dependent errors in angle measurements, e.g. glint, scintillation effects}

G01S 13/4436 ・・・・・{with means specially adapted to maintain the same processing characteristics between the monopulse signals}

G01S 13/4445 ・・・・・{amplitude comparisons monopulse, i.e. comparing the echo signals received by an antenna arrangement with overlapping squinted beams}

G01S 13/4454 ・・・・・{phase comparisons monopulse, i.e. comparing the echo signals received by an interferometric antenna arrangement}

G01S 13/4463 ・・・・・{using phased arrays}

G01S 13/4472 ・・・・・{with means specially adapted to airborne monopulse systems (clutter elimination using Doppler effect: G01S 13/449)}

G01S 13/4481 ・・・・・{Monopulse hybrid systems, e.g. conopulse}

G01S 13/449 ・・・・・{Combined with MTI or Doppler processing circuits}

G01S 13/46 ・・・Indirect determination of position data

G01S 13/48 ・・・・using multiple beams at emission or reception

G01S 13/50 ・・Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target

G01S 13/505 ・・・{using Doppler effect for determining closest range to a target or corresponding time, e.g. miss-distance indicator (proximity fuze see F42C 13/04; miss-distance indicators in general F41J 5/12)}

G01S 13/52 ・・・Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds {(coherent receivers G01S 7/288)}

G01S 13/522 ・・・・using transmissions of interrupted pulse modulated waves

G01S 13/524 ・・・・・based upon the phase or frequency shift resulting from movement of objects, with reference to the transmitted signals, e.g. coherent MTI (coherent receivers G01S 7/288)

G01S 13/5242 ・・・・・・{with means for platform motion or scan motion compensation, e.g. airborne MTI}

G01S 13/5244 ・・・・・・{Adaptive clutter cancellation (specially adapted for airborne MTI, G01S 13/5242)}

G01S 13/5246 ・・・・・・{post processors for coherent MTI discriminators, e.g. residue cancellers, CFAR after Doppler filters}

G01S 13/5248 ・・・・・・{combining a coherent MTI processor with a zero Doppler processing channel and a clutter mapped memory, e.g. MTD (Moving target detector), (area MTI G01S 13/538)}

G01S 13/526 ・・・・・・performing filtering on the whole spectrum without loss of range information, e.g. using delay line cancellers or comb filters; {G01S 13/5244 takes precedence}

G01S 13/5265 ・・・・・・・{IF cancellers, e.g. TACCAR systems}

G01S 13/528 ・・・・・・・with elimination of blind speeds

G01S 13/53 ・・・・・・performing filtering on a single spectral line and associated with one or more range gates with a phase detector or a frequency mixer to extract the Doppler information, e.g. pulse Doppler radar {G01S 13/5244 takes precedence}

G01S 13/532 ・・・・・・・using a bank of range gates or a memory matrix

G01S 13/534 ・・・・・・based upon amplitude or phase shift resulting from movement of objects, with reference to the surrounding clutter echo signal, e.g. non coherent MTI, clutter referenced MTI, externally coherent MTI

G01S 13/536 ・・・・using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves

G01S 13/538 ・・・・eliminating objects that have not moved between successive antenna scans, e.g. area MTI

G01S 13/56 ・・・・for presence detection {presence detection using near field arrangements G01V 3/00, e.g. G01V 3/08, G01V 3/12; burglar, theft or intruder alarms with electrical actuation G08B 13/22-G08B 13/26}

G01S 13/58 ・・・Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems {(systems applied to the controlling of traffic G01S 13/92)}

G01S 13/581 ・・・・{using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets}

G01S 13/582 ・・・・・{adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements}

G01S 13/583 ・・・・{using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets}

G01S 13/584 ・・・・・{adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements}

G01S 13/585 ・・・・{processing the video signal in order to evaluate or display the velocity value}

G01S 13/586 ・・・・・{using, or combined with, frequency tracking means}

G01S 13/587 ・・・・・{using optical means (optical computing devices in general G06E)}

G01S 13/588 ・・・・{deriving the velocity value from the range measurement}

G01S 13/589 ・・・・{measuring the velocity vector}

G01S 13/60 ・・・・wherein the transmitter and receiver are mounted on the moving object, e.g. for determining ground speed, drift angle, ground track (G01S 13/64 takes precedence)

G01S 13/605 ・・・・・{using a pattern, backscattered from the ground, to determine speed or drift by measuring the time required to cover a fixed distance}

G01S 13/62 ・・・・Sense-of-movement determination {(G01S 13/589 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/64 ・・・・Velocity measuring systems using range gates

G01S 13/66 ・Radar-tracking systems; Analogous systems where the wavelength or the kind of wave is irrelevant

G01S 13/68 ・・for angle tracking only

G01S 13/685 ・・・{using simultaneous lobing techniques}

G01S 13/70 ・・for range tracking only

G01S 13/72 ・・for two-dimensional tracking, e.g. combination of angle and range tracking, track-while-scan radar

G01S 13/723 ・・・{by using numerical data}

G01S 13/726 ・・・・{Multiple target tracking}

G01S 13/74 ・Systems using reradiation of radio waves, e.g. secondary radar systems; Analogous systems

G01S 13/75 ・・using transponders powered from received waves, e.g. using passive transponders, {or using passive reflectors}

G01S 13/751 ・・・{wherein the responder or reflector radiates a coded signal}

G01S 13/753 ・・・・{using frequency selective elements, e.g. resonator}

G01S 13/755 ・・・・{using delay lines, e.g. acoustic delay lines}

G01S 13/756 ・・・・{using a signal generator for modifying the reflectivity of the reflector (G01S 13/758 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/758 ・・・・{using a signal generator powered by the interrogation signal}

G01S 13/76 ・・wherein pulse-type signals are transmitted

G01S 13/762 ・・・{with special measures concerning the radiation pattern, e.g. S.L.S. (aerials or aerial systems providing at least two radiation patterns e.g. providing sum and difference patterns, H01Q 25/00)}

G01S 13/765 ・・・{with exchange of information between interrogator and responder}

G01S 13/767 ・・・{Responders; Transponders (teaching or practice apparatus for gun-aiming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G 3/26)}

G01S 13/78 ・・・discriminating between different kinds of targets, e.g. IFF-radar, i.e. identification of friend or foe {(G01S 13/75, G01S 13/767 take precedence)}

G01S 13/781 ・・・・{Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) in general}

G01S 13/782 ・・・・・{using multimoding or selective addressing}

G01S 13/784 ・・・・・{Coders or decoders therefor; Degarbling systems; Defruiting systems}

G01S 13/785 ・・・・{Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) systems}

G01S 13/787 ・・・・・{co-operating with direction defining beacons}

G01S 13/788 ・・・・・{Coders or decoders therefor; Special detection circuits}

G01S 13/79 ・・Systems using random coded signals or random pulse repetition frequenties, {e.g. "Separation and Control of Aircraft using Non synchronous Techniques" (SECANT)}

G01S 13/82 ・・wherein continuous-type signals are transmitted

G01S 13/825 ・・・{with exchange of information between interrogator and responder}

G01S 13/84 ・・・for distance determination by phase measurement

G01S 13/86 ・Combinations of radar systems with non-radar systems, e.g. sonar, direction finder {(Combination of sonar systems with non-sonar or non-radar systems G01S 15/025; combination of lidar systems with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar G01S 17/023)}

G01S 13/862 ・・{Combination of radar systems with sonar systems}

G01S 13/865 ・・{Combination of radar systems with lidar systems}

G01S 13/867 ・・{Combination of radar systems with cameras}

G01S 13/87 ・Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar

G01S 13/872 ・・{Combinations of primary radar and secondary radar}

G01S 13/874 ・・{Combination of several systems for attitude determination (in general G01C, control of attitude G05D 1/08)}

G01S 13/876 ・・{Combination of several spaced transponders or reflectors of known location for determining the position of a receiver (G01S 13/874 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/878 ・・{Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector (G01S 13/874 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/88 ・Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications (electromagnetic prospecting or detecting of objects, e.g. near-field detection, G01V 3/00)

G01S 13/881 ・・{for robotics}

G01S 13/882 ・・{for altimeters (measuring height using barometric means G01C 5/06)}

G01S 13/883 ・・{for missile homing, autodirectors (missile guidance systems F41G 7/22)}

G01S 13/885 ・・{for ground probing (prospecting or detecting using electromagnetic waves G01V 3/12)}

G01S 13/886 ・・{for alarm systems (alarms with electrical actuation G08B 13/22)}

G01S 13/887 ・・{for detection of concealed objects, e.g. contraband or weapons}

G01S 13/888 ・・・{through wall detection}

G01S 13/89 ・・for mapping or imaging

G01S 13/90 ・・・using synthetic aperture techniques, {e.g. correcting range migration errors (compression in range per se G01S 13/28; platform motion compensation for

G01S 13/9005 ・・・・{with optical processing of the SAR signals}

G01S 13/9011 ・・・・{with frequency domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth (G01S 13/9005 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/9017 ・・・・{with time domain processing of the SAR signals in azimuth, e.g. time focusing (G01S 13/9005 takes precedence)}

G01S 13/9023 ・・・・{combined with monopulse or interferometric techniques (monopulse hybrid systems G01S 13/4481)}

G01S 13/9029 ・・・・{specially adapted for moving target detection (MTI per se G01S 13/52)}

G01S 13/9035 ・・・・{Particular SAR processing techniques not provided for elsewhere, e.g. squint mode, doppler beam-sharpening mode, spotlight mode, bistatic SAR, inverse SAR}

G01S 13/9094 ・・・・{Theoretical aspects}

G01S 13/91 ・・for traffic control (G01S 13/93 takes precedence)

G01S 13/913 ・・・{for landing purposes}

G01S 13/92 ・・・for velocity measurement

G01S 13/93 ・・for anti-collision purposes

G01S 13/9303 ・・・{between aircraft or spacecraft in flight, e.g. secant (terrain-avoidance systems G01S 13/94)}

G01S 13/9307 ・・・{between marine crafts; between marine crafts and fixed obstacles}

G01S 13/931 ・・・{between land vehicles; between land vehicles and fixed obstacles}

G01S 13/94 ・・for terrain-avoidance

G01S 13/95 ・・for meteorological use

G01S 13/951 ・・・{ground based}

G01S 13/953 ・・・{mounted on aircraft}

G01S 13/955 ・・・{mounted on satellite}

G01S 13/956 ・・・{mounted on ship or other platform}

G01S 13/958 ・・・{Theoretical aspects}

G01S 15/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems

G01S 15/003 ・{Bistatic sonar systems; Multistatic sonar systems}

G01S 15/006 ・{Theoretical aspects}

G01S 15/02 ・using reflection of acoustic waves (G01S 15/66 takes precedence)

G01S 15/025 ・・{Combination of sonar systems with non-sonar or non-radar systems, e.g. with direction finder}

G01S 15/04 ・・Systems determining presence of a target

G01S 15/06 ・・Systems determining the position data of a target

G01S 15/08 ・・・Systems for measuring distance only (indirect measurement G01S 15/46)

G01S 15/10 ・・・・using transmission of interrupted pulse-modulated waves (determination of distance by phase measurement G01S 15/32)

G01S 15/101 ・・・・・{Particularities of the measurement of distance (G01S 15/12, G01S 15/14, and G01S 15/18 take precedence)}

G01S 15/102 ・・・・・{using transmission of pulses having some particular characteristics}

G01S 15/104 ・・・・・・{wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave}

G01S 15/105 ・・・・・・{using irregular pulse repetition frequency}

G01S 15/107 ・・・・・・{using frequency agility of carrier wave}

G01S 15/108 ・・・・・・{using more than one pulse per sonar period}

G01S 15/12 ・・・・・wherein the pulse-recurrence frequency is varied to provide a desired time relationship between the transmission of a pulse and the receipt of the echo of a preceding pulse

G01S 15/14 ・・・・・wherein a voltage or current pulse is initiated and terminated in accordance respectively with the pulse transmission and echo reception

G01S 15/18 ・・・・・wherein range gates are used

G01S 15/32 ・・・・using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves

G01S 15/325 ・・・・・{using transmission of coded signals, e.g. of phase-shift keyed (PSK) signals}

G01S 15/34 ・・・・・using transmission of frequency-modulated waves and the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, being heterodyned with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneous transmitted signal to give a beat-frequency signal

G01S 15/36 ・・・・・with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal

G01S 15/42 ・・・Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S 15/46)

G01S 15/46 ・・・Indirect determination of position data

G01S 15/50 ・・Systems of measurement, based on relative movement of the target

G01S 15/52 ・・・Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds

G01S 15/523 ・・・・{for presence detection (burglar, theft or intruder alarms G08B 13/00, e.g. G08B 13/16)}

G01S 15/526 ・・・・・{by comparing echos in different sonar periods}

G01S 15/58 ・・・Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems {(velocity measurement in imaging systems G01S 15/8979)}

G01S 15/582 ・・・・{using transmission of interrupted pulse-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets}

G01S 15/584 ・・・・・{with measures taken for suppressing velocity ambiguities, i.e. anti-aliasing}

G01S 15/586 ・・・・{using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets}

G01S 15/588 ・・・・{measuring the velocity vector}

G01S 15/60 ・・・・wherein the transmitter and receiver are mounted on the moving object, e.g. for determining ground speed, drift angle, ground track

G01S 15/62 ・・・・Sense-of-movement determination {(G01S 15/588 takes precedence)}

G01S 15/66 ・Sonar tracking systems

G01S 15/74 ・Systems using reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. IFF, i.e. identification of friend or foe {(teaching or practice apparatus for gun-arming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G 3/26)}

G01S 15/87 ・Combinations of sonar systems

G01S 15/872 ・・{Combination of several systems for attitude determination (using inertial means G01C 9/00, control of attitude G05D 1/08)}

G01S 15/874 ・・{Combination of several spaced transponders or reflectors of known location for determining the position of a receiver (G01S 15/872 takes precedence)}

G01S 15/876 ・・{Combination of several spaced transmitters or receivers of known location for determining the position of a transponder or a reflector (G01S 15/872 takes precedence)}

G01S 15/878 ・・・{wherein transceivers are operated, either sequentially or simultaneously, both in bi-static and in mono-static mode, e.g. cross-echo mode}

G01S 15/88 ・Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications (seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting G01V 1/00)

G01S 15/885 ・・{Meteorological systems}

G01S 15/89 ・・for mapping or imaging

G01S 15/8902 ・・・{Side-looking sonar}

G01S 15/8904 ・・・・{using synthetic aperture techniques}

G01S 15/8906 ・・・{Short-range imaging systems; Acoustic microscope systems using pulse-echo techniques}

G01S 15/8909 ・・・・{using a static transducer configuration (sound-focusing or directing per se G10K 11/26)}

G01S 15/8911 ・・・・・{using a single transducer for transmission and reception}

G01S 15/8913 ・・・・・{using separate transducers for transmission and reception}

G01S 15/8915 ・・・・・{using a transducer array}

G01S 15/8918 ・・・・・・{the array being linear}

G01S 15/892 ・・・・・・{the array being curvilinear}

G01S 15/8922 ・・・・・・{the array being concentric or annular}

G01S 15/8925 ・・・・・・{the array being a two-dimensional transducer configuration, i.e. matrix or orthogonal linear arrays}

G01S 15/8927 ・・・・・・{using simultaneously or sequentially two or more subarrays or subapertures}

G01S 15/8929 ・・・・・{using a three-dimensional transducer configuration}

G01S 15/8931 ・・・・・{co-operating with moving reflectors}

G01S 15/8934 ・・・・{using a dynamic transducer configuration (mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device per se G10K 11/004)}

G01S 15/8936 ・・・・・{using transducers mounted for mechanical movement in three dimensions}

G01S 15/8938 ・・・・・{using transducers mounted for mechanical movement in two dimensions}

G01S 15/894 ・・・・・・{by rotation about a single axis}

G01S 15/8943 ・・・・・・・{co-operating with reflectors}

G01S 15/8945 ・・・・・{using transducers mounted for linear mechanical movement}

G01S 15/8947 ・・・・・{using transducers movable by (electro)magnetic means}

G01S 15/895 ・・・・{characterised by the transmitted frequency spectrum}

G01S 15/8952 ・・・・・{using discrete, multiple frequencies}

G01S 15/8954 ・・・・・{using a broad-band spectrum}

G01S 15/8956 ・・・・・{using frequencies at or above 20 MHz}

G01S 15/8959 ・・・・{using coded signals for correlation purposes}

G01S 15/8961 ・・・・・{using pulse compression}

G01S 15/8963 ・・・・・{using pulse inversion}

G01S 15/8965 ・・・・{using acousto-optical or acousto-electronic conversion techniques}

G01S 15/8968 ・・・・・{using acoustical modulation of a light beam (acousto-optical light control devices G02F 1/11, G02F 1/33)}

G01S 15/897 ・・・・・{using application of holographic techniques (holography per se G03H)}

G01S 15/8972 ・・・・・・{with optical reconstruction of the image}

G01S 15/8975 ・・・・・{using acoustical image/electron beam converter tubes (tubes therefor H01J 31/495)}

G01S 15/8977 ・・・・{using special techniques for image reconstruction, e.g. FFT, geometrical transformations, spatial deconvolution, time deconvolution (digital image processing per se G06T 1/00)}

G01S 15/8979 ・・・・{Combined Doppler and pulse-echo imaging systems}

G01S 15/8981 ・・・・・{Discriminating between fixed and moving objects or between objects moving at different speeds, e.g. wall clutter filter}

G01S 15/8984 ・・・・・{Measuring the velocity vector}

G01S 15/8986 ・・・・・{with measures taken for suppressing velocity ambiguities, i.e. anti-aliasing}

G01S 15/8988 ・・・・・{Colour Doppler imaging}

G01S 15/899 ・・・・{Combination of imaging systems with ancillary equipment}

G01S 15/8993 ・・・・{Three dimensional imaging systems}

G01S 15/8995 ・・・・{Combining images from different aspect angles, e.g. spatial compounding}

G01S 15/8997 ・・・・{using synthetic aperture techniques}

G01S 15/93 ・・for anti-collision purposes

G01S 15/931 ・・・{between land vehicles; between land vehicles and fixed obstacles}

G01S 15/96 ・・for locating fish

G01S 17/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems (photogrammetry or videogrammetry G01C 11/00)

G01S 17/003 ・{Bistatic lidar systems; Multistatic lidar systems}

G01S 17/006 ・{Theoretical aspects}

G01S 17/02 ・Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves (G01S 17/66 takes precedence)

G01S 17/023 ・・{Combination of lidar systems, with systems other than lidar, radar or sonar, e.g. with direction finder}

G01S 17/026 ・・{for detecting the presence of an object}

G01S 17/06 ・・Systems determining position data of a target

G01S 17/08 ・・・for measuring distance only (indirect measurement G01S 17/46; active triangulation systems G01S 17/48; passive systems using a parallactic triangle G01C 3/10, G01C 3/22, G01C 3/24, G01C 3/26)

G01S 17/10 ・・・・using transmission of interrupted pulse-modulated waves (determination of distance by phase measurements G01S 17/32)

G01S 17/102 ・・・・・{wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase modulated carrier wave, e.g. for pulse compression of received signals}

G01S 17/105 ・・・・・{wherein a voltage or current pulse is initiated and terminated in accordance respectively with the pulse transmission and echo-reception, e.g. using counters}

G01S 17/107 ・・・・・{wherein range gates are used}

G01S 17/32 ・・・・using transmission of continuous unmodulated waves, amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated waves

G01S 17/325 ・・・・・{using transmission of frequency-modulated waves and the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, being heterodyned with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneous transmitted signal to give a beat-frequency signal}

G01S 17/36 ・・・・・with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal

G01S 17/42 ・・・Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates (indirect measurement G01S 17/46)

G01S 17/46 ・・・Indirect determination of position data

G01S 17/48 ・・・・Active triangulation systems, i.e. using the transmission and reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves(passive systems using a parallactic triangle G01C 3/10, G01C 3/22, G01C 3/24, G01C 3/26; active systems for automatic generation of focusing signals G02B 7/32)

G01S 17/50 ・・Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target

G01S 17/58 ・・・Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems

G01S 17/66 ・Tracking systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 17/74 ・Systems using reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. IFF, i.e. identification of friend or foe {(teaching or practice apparatus for gun-arming or gun-laying using reflecting targets or active targets F41G 3/26)}

G01S 17/87 ・Combinations of systems using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves

G01S 17/875 ・・{Combination of several systems for attitude determination}

G01S 17/88 ・Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications

G01S 17/89 ・・for mapping or imaging

G01S 17/895 ・・・{using synthetic aperture techniques}

G01S 17/93 ・・for anti-collision purposes

G01S 17/933 ・・・{between aircrafts or spacecrafts; between aircrafts or spacecrafts and fixed obstacles}

G01S 17/936 ・・・{between land vehicles; between land vehicles and fixed obstacles}

G01S 17/95 ・・for meteorological use

G01S 19/00 Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems

G01S 19/01 ・Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite
System] or GALILEO

G01S 19/015 ・・{Arrangements for jamming, spoofing or other methods of denial of service of such systems}

G01S 19/02 ・・Details of the space or ground control segments

G01S 19/03 ・・Cooperating elements; Interaction or communication between different cooperating elements or between cooperating elements and receivers

G01S 19/04 ・・・providing carrier phase data

G01S 19/05 ・・・providing aiding information

G01S 19/06 ・・・・employing an initial estimate of the location of the receiver as aiding data or in generating aiding data

G01S 19/07 ・・・providing data for correcting measured positioning data, e.g. DGPS [differential

G01S 19/08 ・・・providing integrity information, e.g. health of satellites or quality of ephemeris data

G01S 19/09 ・・・providing processing capability normally carried out by the receiver

G01S 19/10 ・・・providing dedicated supplementary positioning signals

G01S 19/11 ・・・・wherein the cooperating elements are pseudolites or satellite radio beacon positioning system signal repeaters

G01S 19/12 ・・・・wherein the cooperating elements are telecommunication base stations

G01S 19/13 ・・Receivers

G01S 19/14 ・・・specially adapted for specific applications

G01S 19/15 ・・・・Aircraft landing systems

G01S 19/16 ・・・・Anti-theft; Abduction

G01S 19/17 ・・・・Emergency applications

G01S 19/18 ・・・・Military applications

G01S 19/19 ・・・・Sporting applications

G01S 19/20 ・・・Integrity monitoring, fault detection or fault isolation of space segment

G01S 19/21 ・・・interference related issues; {Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service (interference-related aspects in spread spectrum receivers per se H04B 1/7097)}

G01S 19/215 ・・・・{issues related to spoofing}

G01S 19/22 ・・・Multipath-related issues

G01S 19/23 ・・・Testing, monitoring, correcting or calibrating of receiver elements

G01S 19/235 ・・・・{Calibration of receiver components}

G01S 19/24 ・・・Acquisition or tracking {or demodulation} of signals transmitted by the system {(synchronisation aspects of direct sequence spread spectrum modulation H04B 1/7073)}

G01S 19/243 ・・・・{Demodulation of navigation message}

G01S 19/246 ・・・・{involving long acquisition integration times, extended snapshots of signals or methods specifically directed towards weak signal acquisition}

G01S 19/25 ・・・・involving aiding data received from a cooperating element, e.g. assisted GPS

G01S 19/252 ・・・・・{Employing an initial estimate of location in generating assistance data }

G01S 19/254 ・・・・・{relating to Doppler shift of satellite signals }

G01S 19/256 ・・・・・{relating to timing, e.g. time of week, code phase, timing offset}

G01S 19/258 ・・・・・{relating to the satellite constellation, e.g. almanac, ephemeris data, lists of satellites in view}

G01S 19/26 ・・・・involving a sensor measurement for aiding acquisition or tracking

G01S 19/27 ・・・・creating, predicting or correcting ephemeris or almanac data within the receiver

G01S 19/28 ・・・・Satellite selection

G01S 19/29 ・・・・carrier, {including Doppler,} related {(G01S 19/246 takes precedence)}

G01S 19/30 ・・・・code related {(G01S 19/246 takes precedence)}

G01S 19/31 ・・・Acquisition or tracking of other signals for positioning

G01S 19/32 ・・・Multimode operation in a single same satellite system, e.g. GPS L1/L2

G01S 19/33 ・・・Multimode operation in different systems which transmit time stamped messages, e.g. GPS/GLONASS

G01S 19/34 ・・・Power consumption

G01S 19/35 ・・・Constructional details or hardware or software details of the signal processing chain

G01S 19/36 ・・・・relating to the receiver frond end

G01S 19/37 ・・・・Hardware or software details of the signal processing chain

G01S 19/38 ・Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system

G01S 19/39 ・・the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO

G01S 19/40 ・・・Correcting position, velocity or attitude

G01S 19/41 ・・・・Differential correction, e.g. DGPS [differential GPS]

G01S 19/42 ・・・Determining position

G01S 19/421 ・・・・{by combining or switching between position solutions or signals derived from different satellite radio beacon positioning systems; by combining or switching between position solutions or signals derived from different modes of operation in a single system}

G01S 19/423 ・・・・・{by combining or switching between position solutions derived from different satellite radio beacon positioning systems }

G01S 19/425 ・・・・・{by combining or switching between signals derived from different satellite radio beacon positioning systems}

G01S 19/426 ・・・・・{by combining or switching between position solutions or signals derived from different modes of operation in a single system }

G01S 19/428 ・・・・{using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination}

G01S 19/43 ・・・・using carrier phase measurements, e.g. kinematic positioning; using long or short baseline interferometry

G01S 19/44 ・・・・・Carrier phase ambiguity resolution; Floating ambiguity; LAMBDA [Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment] method

G01S 19/45 ・・・・by combining measurements of signals from the satellite radio beacon positioning system with a supplementary measurement

G01S 19/46 ・・・・・the supplementary measurement being of a radio-wave signal type

G01S 19/47 ・・・・・the supplementary measurement being an inertial measurement, e.g. tightly coupled inertial

G01S 19/48 ・・・・by combining or switching between position solutions derived from the satellite radio beacon positioning system and position solutions derived from a further system

G01S 19/49 ・・・・・whereby the further system is an inertial position system, e.g. loosely-coupled

G01S 19/50 ・・・・whereby the position solution is constrained to lie upon a particular curve or surface, e.g. for locomotives on railway tracks

G01S 19/51 ・・・・Relative positioning

G01S 19/52 ・・・Determining velocity

G01S 19/53 ・・・Determining attitude

G01S 19/54 ・・・・using carrier phase measurements; using long or short baseline interferometry

G01S 19/55 ・・・・・Carrier phase ambiguity resolution; Floating ambiguity; LAMBDA [Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation Adjustment] method

G01S 2007/00 Details of systems according to groups G01S 13/00, G01S 15/00, G01S 17/00{(apparatus for measuring unknown time-intervals by electronic means, e.g. Vernier method G04F 10/00)}

G01S 2007/02 ・of systems according to group G01S 13/00

G01S 2007/027 ・・Housing details, e.g. form, type, material, ruggedness

G01S 2007/028 ・・・involving miniaturizing aspects, e.g. surface mounted device [SMD] packaging or housing

G01S 2007/28 ・・Details of pulse systems

G01S 2007/285 ・・・Receivers

G01S 2007/288 ・・・・Coherent receivers

G01S 2007/2883 ・・・・・using FFT processing

G01S 2007/2886 ・・・・・using I/Q processing

G01S 2007/35 ・・Details of non-pulse systems

G01S 2007/352 ・・・{Receivers}

G01S 2007/356 ・・・・involving particularities of FFT processing

G01S 2007/358 ・・・・using I/Q processing

G01S 2007/40 ・・Means for monitoring or calibrating

G01S 2007/4004 ・・・{of parts of a radar system (see provisionally also G01S 7/40)}

G01S 2007/4008 ・・・・{of transmitters}

G01S 2007/4013 ・・・・・involving adjustment of the transmitted power

G01S 2007/4026 ・・・・{Antenna boresight}

G01S 2007/403 ・・・・・in azimuth, i.e. in the horizontal plane

G01S 2007/4034 ・・・・・in elevation, i.e. in the vertical plane

G01S 2007/4039 ・・・・of sensor or antenna obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating

G01S 2007/4043 ・・・・・including means to prevent or remove the obstruction

G01S 2007/4047 ・・・・・・heated dielectric lens, e.g. by heated wire

G01S 2007/4052 ・・・{by simulation of echoes (analogue simulators in general G06G 7/78)}

G01S 2007/406 ・・・・using internally generated reference signals, e.g. via delay line, via RF or IF signal injection or via integrated reference reflector or transponder

G01S 2007/4065 ・・・・・involving a delay line

G01S 2007/4069 ・・・・・involving a RF signal injection

G01S 2007/4073 ・・・・・involving an IF signal injection

G01S 2007/4078 ・・・・・involving an integrated reference reflector or reference transponder

G01S 2007/4082 ・・・・using externally generated reference signals, e.g. via remote reflector or transponder

G01S 2007/4086 ・・・・・in a calibrating environment, e.g. anechoic chamber

G01S 2007/4091 ・・・・・during normal radar operation

G01S 2007/4095 ・・・・・the external reference signals being modulated, e.g. rotating dihedral reflector or modulating transponder for simulation of a Doppler echo etc.

G01S 2007/48 ・of systems according to group G01S 17/00

G01S 2007/497 ・・Means for monitoring or calibrating

G01S 2007/4975 ・・・of sensor obstruction by e.g. dirt- or ice-coating, e.g. by reflection measurement on front-screen

G01S 2007/4977 ・・・・including means to prevent or remove the obstruction

G01S 2007/52 ・of systems according to group G01S 15/00

G01S 2007/52004 ・・{Means for monitoring or calibrating (short-range imaging 7/52S6)}

G01S 2007/52007 ・・・involving adjustment of transmitted power

G01S 2007/52009 ・・・of sensor obstruction, e.g. dirt- or ice-coating

G01S 2007/52011 ・・・・including means to prevent or remove the obstruction

G01S 2007/52012 ・・・involving a reference ground return

G01S 2007/52014 ・・・involving a reference reflector integrated in the sensor or transducer configuration

G01S 2013/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified (using acoustic waves G01S 15/00; using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves G01S 17/00)

G01S 2013/02 ・Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems

G01S 2013/0218 ・・{Very long range radars, e.g. surface wave radar, over-the-horizon or ionospheric propagation systems (for meteorological use G01S 13/95)}

G01S 2013/0227 ・・・OTH, Over-The-Horizon radar

G01S 2013/0236 ・・Special technical features

G01S 2013/0245 ・・・Radar with phased array antenna

G01S 2013/0254 ・・・・Active array antenna

G01S 2013/0263 ・・・・Passive array antenna

G01S 2013/0272 ・・・Multifunction radar

G01S 2013/0281 ・・・LPI, Low Probability of Intercept radar

G01S 2013/029 ・・・Antistealth radar

G01S 2013/06 ・・Systems determining position data of a target

G01S 2013/46 ・・・Indirect determination of position data

G01S 2013/462 ・・・・using multipath signals

G01S 2013/464 ・・・・・using only the non-line-of-sight signal(s) e.g. to enable survey of scene

G01S 2013/466 ・・・・by Trilateration, i.e. two antennas or two sensors determine separately the distance to a target, whereby with the knowledge of the baseline length, i.e. the distance between the antennas or sensors, the position data of the target is determined

G01S 2013/468 ・・・・by Triangulation, i.e. two antennas or two sensors determine separately the bearing, direction or angle to a target, whereby with the knowledge of the baseline length, the position data of the target is determined

G01S 2013/88 ・Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications (electromagnetic prospecting or detecting of objects, e.g. near-field detection, G01V 3/00)

G01S 2013/89 ・・for mapping or imaging

G01S 2013/90 ・・・using synthetic aperture techniques, {e.g. correcting range migration errors (compression in range per se G01S 13/28; platform motion compensation for

G01S 2013/9035 ・・・・{Particular SAR processing techniques not provided for elsewhere, e.g. squint mode, doppler beam-sharpening mode, spotlight mode, bistatic SAR, inverse SAR}

G01S 2013/9041 ・・・・・Squint mode

G01S 2013/9047 ・・・・・Doppler beam-sharpening mode

G01S 2013/9052 ・・・・・Spotlight mode

G01S 2013/9058 ・・・・・Bistatic SAR

G01S 2013/9064 ・・・・・Inverse SAR (ISAR)

G01S 2013/907 ・・・・・Forward looking SAR

G01S 2013/9076 ・・・・・Polarimetric features in SAR (see also G01S 7/024)

G01S 2013/9082 ・・・・・rotating SAR(ROSAR), i.e. antennas rotatably mounted

G01S 2013/9088 ・・・・・circular SAR (CSAR, C-SAR)

G01S 2013/91 ・・for traffic control (G01S 13/93 takes precedence)

G01S 2013/916 ・・・Airport surface monitoring (ASDE)

G01S 2013/93 ・・for anti-collision purposes

G01S 2013/931 ・・・{between land vehicles; between land vehicles and fixed obstacles}

G01S 2013/9314 ・・・・for parking operations

G01S 2013/9317 ・・・・for driving backwards

G01S 2013/9321 ・・・・for velocity regulation, e.g. cruise control

G01S 2013/9325 ・・・・for intervehicle distance regulation, e.g. navigating in platoons

G01S 2013/9328 ・・・・for vehicles on rails

G01S 2013/9332 ・・・・for monitoring blind spots

G01S 2013/9335 ・・・・on airport surface (taxiing )

G01S 2013/9339 ・・・・co-operating with reflectors or transponders

G01S 2013/9342 ・・・・controlling the steering

G01S 2013/9346 ・・・・controlling the brakes

G01S 2013/935 ・・・・controlling the accelerator

G01S 2013/9353 ・・・・using own vehicle data, e.g. ground speed, steering wheel direction

G01S 2013/9357 ・・・・using additional data, e.g. driver condition, road state, weather data

G01S 2013/936 ・・・・combined with communication equipment with other vehicles and/or with base stations(s)

G01S 2013/9364 ・・・・Alternative operation using ultrasonic waves

G01S 2013/9367 ・・・・Alternative operation using light waves

G01S 2013/9371 ・・・・Sensor installation details

G01S 2013/9375 ・・・・・in the front of the vehicle

G01S 2013/9378 ・・・・・in the back of the vehicle

G01S 2013/9382 ・・・・・on the top of the vehicle

G01S 2013/9385 ・・・・・on the side(s) of the vehicle

G01S 2013/9389 ・・・・・in the bumper area (ultrasonic transducer in bumper area G01S 2015/938; bumper with obstacle sensor of electric or electronic type B60R 19/48B)

G01S 2013/9392 ・・・・・in the windshield area

G01S 2013/9396 ・・・・・in the lights

G01S 2015/00 Systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves, e.g. sonar systems

G01S 2015/02 ・using reflection of acoustic waves (G01S 15/66 takes precedence)

G01S 2015/06 ・・Systems determining the position data of a target

G01S 2015/46 ・・・Indirect determination of position data

G01S 2015/465 ・・・・by Trilateration, i.e. two transducers determine separately the distance to a target, whereby with the knowledge of the baseline length, i.e. the distance between the transducers, the position data of the target is determined

G01S 2015/88 ・Sonar systems specially adapted for specific applications (seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting G01V 1/00)

G01S 2015/93 ・・for anti-collision purposes

G01S 2015/931 ・・・{between land vehicles; between land vehicles and fixed obstacles}

G01S 2015/932 ・・・・for parking operations

G01S 2015/933 ・・・・・for measuring the dimensions of the parking space when driving past

G01S 2015/934 ・・・・・・for measuring the depth, i.e. width, not length, of the parking space

G01S 2015/935 ・・・・・・for measuring the contour, e.g. a trajectory of measurement points, representing the boundary of the parking space

G01S 2015/936 ・・・・・・for measuring parking spaces extending transverse or diagonal to the driving direction, i.e. not parallel to the driving direction

G01S 2015/937 ・・・・sensor installation details (constructional features of transducers G01S 7/521 and B06B; casing of transducers, e.g. housing, cover or filler details, G10K 9/22; mounting of transducers, i.e. fixture, fitting or holder details, G10K 11/004)

G01S 2015/938 ・・・・・in the bumper area (radar in bumper area G01S 2013/9389; bumper with obstacle sensor of electric or electronic type B60R 19/48B)

G01S 2015/939 ・・・・・vertical stacking of sensors, e.g. to enable obstacle height determination

G01S 2205/00 Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations (not used)

G01S 2205/001 ・Transmission of position information to remote stations (not used)

G01S 2205/002 ・・for traffic control, mobile tracking, guidance, surveillance or anti-collision

G01S 2205/003 ・・・for aircraft positioning relative to the ground

G01S 2205/005 ・・・for aircraft positioning relative to other aircraft

G01S 2205/006 ・・for emergency situations

G01S 2205/007 ・・for management of a communication system

G01S 2205/008 ・・using a mobile telephone network