WebCPC CPC COOPERATIVE PATENT CLASSIFICATION

C23D　ENAMELLING OF, OR APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS (chemical composition of the enamels C03C)

C23D 1/00 Melting or fritting the enamels; Apparatus or furnaces therefor

C23D 1/02 ・Granulating the melt; Drying the granules

C23D 3/00 Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating (cleaning and de-greasing of metallic objects C23G)

C23D 5/00 Coating with enamels or vitreous layers {(including applying fused refractory layers C23C 4/10, C23C 24/10)}

C23D 5/005 ・{by a method specially adapted for coating special objects}

C23D 5/02 ・by wet methods

C23D 5/04 ・by dry methods

C23D 5/06 ・producing designs or letters

C23D 5/08 ・Applying enamels non-uniformly over the surface

C23D 5/10 ・with refractory materials

C23D 7/00 Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning

C23D 9/00 Ovens specially adapted for firing enamels

C23D 9/02 ・Non-electric muffle furnaces

C23D 9/04 ・Non-electric tunnel ovens

C23D 9/06 ・Electric furnaces

C23D 9/08 ・Supporting devices for burning-bars

C23D 9/10 ・Loading or unloading devices

C23D 11/00 Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor

C23D 13/00 After-treatment of the enamelled articles

C23D 13/02 ・Removing defects by local re-melting of the enamel; Adjusting the shape

C23D 15/00 Joining enamelled articles to other enamelled articles by processes involving an enamelling step

C23D 17/00 De-enamelling